The Skin and Autoimmune Connection That Patients Need to Know

We’re back with another Derm Deep Dive, a series where we provide expert advice from our board-certified dermatologists about common skin conditions or treatments. This month, we sought input from our team of expert dermatologists to share information and guidance about autoimmune skin disorders – specifically what they are, how they manifest, and what you can do if you develop one.  

Being Aware of Autoimmune Skin Disorders  

As our body’s protective barrier, the skin is responsible for a lot, including raising the red flag if there is a deeper, systemic health concern we should be aware of – like autoimmune skin disorders.  

Often, we don’t know how to interpret what’s going on with our skin. It can be hard to distinguish eczema from psoriasis, or acne from rosacea, as many signs and symptoms can be similar. When we get unexplained rashes, persistent irritation, or other chronic skin issues, it can be easy to ignore it or hope it goes away, but you should pay attention and seek help as these symptoms can signal underlying autoimmune skin disorders.  

When the Immune System Takes Aim at the Skin 

Autoimmune skin disorders happen when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, typically causing inflammation, skin damage, or other types of irritation on the skin.  

The skin is good at indicating deeper, more systemic health issues, and recognizing and responding to these signs early ensures timely intervention and better long-term outcomes.  

We’re going to explain some of the most common types of autoimmune skin disorders and the symptoms that you should look out for. 

Cutaneous Lupus 

Cutaneous lupus (CLE) specifically attacks the skin, unlike systemic or erythematosus lupus, which attacks organs and other systems in the body. While it affects the skin, cutaneous lupus can be a manifestation of systemic lupus.  

CLE symptoms, which include rashes, sores, and lesions on the skin, are often triggered by sun exposure. These systems can manifest in specific ways: 

• A butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose 

• Discoid lesions that leave scars 

• Sores in the mouth or nose 

Since sun exposure is a trigger, UV protection is essential at managing cutaneous lupus. Because CLE is an autoimmune skin disorder with no known cure, treatment is focused on managing symptoms, preventing flare ups, and minimizing long-term skin damage. Specific management plans may include a combination of lifestyle changes, topical and systemic medications, and in some cases, specialized therapies. 

Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 

Psoriasis is caused by an overactive immune system in which the growth of skin cells occurs very quickly. Normal skin cells take about a month to finish growing and to be shed from the body, while skin cells impacted by psoriasis finish growing every few days and pile up on the surface of the skin instead of shedding.  

There are different types of psoriasis, the most common being plaque psoriasis, which manifests as raised patches of skin called plaques that are typically itchy, red, inflamed, and often appear to have silvery scales or even a dark coloration, depending on skin type.  

Other types of psoriasis include: 

• Inverse psoriasis, which lacks the scaly appearance and typically manifests under the breasts, armpits, or in the genital and buttocks areas.  

• Guttate psoriasis, which typically manifests as small red spots, and is frequently found on the arms, legs, chest, stomach, or back. 

• Pustular psoriasis, which is characterized by pus-filled bumps that are painful and irritated. While it often appears on the hands and feet, it can manifest anywhere on the body. 

• Erythrodermic psoriasis, which is very rare and causes redness and such excessive shedding of skin layers that it can be life-threatening. Symptoms include itching and pain, an almost burned appearance of the skin, as well as more serious conditions such as changes in heart rate or dehydration. 

Very rarely, individuals with psoriasis can develop psoriatic arthritis, which can cause symptoms of arthritis in the joints.  

Psoriasis can flare up when the immune system reacts to a trigger, such as illness, stress, exposure to hot or cold temperatures, contact with an allergen, or even trauma to the skin, such as a burn or scrape.  

Broadly, symptoms of psoriasis typically include:  

• Thick, scaly patches (plaques) on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back 

• Nail pitting or discoloration 

• Patches or bumps that are itchy and do not heal on their own 

Treatment is focused on reducing inflammation and flare ups through the slowing of skin cell growth and scale removal. If psoriasis symptoms are more mild, it may be effectively managed with topical treatments, while more severe cases may require phototherapy or systemic medications.  

Dermatomyositis 

This rare, inflammatory disease affects the skin and muscles. It’s characterized by muscle weakness, pain, and a distinctive skin rash. The rash can appear on sun-exposed areas like the face, eyelids, knuckles, and chest.  

While the exact cause of dermatomyositis is unknown, it’s believed to involve a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers, such as sun exposure or certain medications.  

Symptoms of dermatomyositis can include: 

• Violet or dusky red rash, especially on the face, eyelids, knuckles, and chest 

• Muscle weakness 

• Photosensitivity 

While there is no known treatment for dermatomyositis, management of this autoimmune skin disorder focuses on reducing inflammation and improving muscle strength and function. Your dermatologist may prescribe medications like corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or other immunomodulatory treatments. 

Scleroderma 

Scleroderma causes hardening and tightening of the skin due to excess collagen production.  

Like other autoimmune skin disorders, there is no specific cause of scleroderma, but it has been loosely linked to genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, hormonal imbalances, or immune system dysfunction.  

Skin symptoms may include: 

• Thickened patches of skin 

• Shiny or tight skin, especially on the hands and face 

• Raynaud’s phenomenon (color changes in fingers/toes with cold exposure) 

There is no definitive cure for scleroderma, but treatments are focused on preventing deeper complications from the disorder. Treatment plans are tailored to the individual depending on severity, but can include medications, physical therapy, or lifestyle modifications.  

Cutaneous Vasculitis 

Cutaneous vasculitis is a type of vasculitis in which inflammation can damage blood vessel walls, leading to leakage of red blood cells into the surrounding skin and causing purpura (bruising). 

Other skin symptoms can include: 

• Blisters or hive-like lesions 

• Purplish spots or patches (often on the legs) 

• Ulcers or open sores 

• Bruise-like rashes that don’t fade 

Treatment for vasculitis primarily involves medications to control inflammation. More severe cases may require immunosuppressants or biologics to calm the immune system and prevent further damage to blood vessels and organs. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged blood vessels. 

Lichen Planus 

Like the other skin conditions in this post, there is no known cause for lichen planus, an autoimmune skin disorder that causes the immune system to target the cells lining the skin, mucous membranes, and other organs, leading to inflammation and the development of characteristic lesions.  

This condition has been linked to genetic and environmental factors that may trigger an autoimmune response, and other triggers are thought to include medications, infections, or allergies. 

Symptoms of lichen planus can include:  

• Flat-topped, itchy, purple-colored bumps 

• White, lacy patches inside the mouth 

• Nail thinning or ridging 

Unlike the other skin conditions in this post, lichen planus often resolves on its own. However, treatment is focused on managing symptoms of inflammation and itchiness through the use of topical corticosteroids. More severe cases may require systemic treatments. Dermatologists also recommend good oral hygiene and reducing stress as methods for managing lichen planus.  

Pay Attention to Red Flags That May Be Signaling Something More 

While rashes, itching, and other changes to the skin are common and can vary by season or activity, certain signs may be an indicator of an autoimmune disorder. Visit your board-certified dermatologist if you notice:  

• Rashes that don’t respond to typical treatments such as corticosteroids or antifungals 

• Joint pain accompanying skin symptoms like swelling, stiffness, or decreased mobility 

• Nail changes or scalp involvement, such as pitting, ridging, hair loss, or scarring 

• Photosensitivity or systemic symptoms, including unexplained fatigue, low-grade fevers, or general malaise 

Dermatology and Rheumatology Collaborations 

While dermatologists specialize in diagnosing and treating conditions of the skin, hair, and nails, and addressing conditions affecting the mucous membranes in and around the nose, mouth, and eyelids, rheumatologists specialize in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system, including the joints, muscles, and bones.  

Many autoimmune skin conditions require a collaborative approach between dermatologists and rheumatologists, and your dermatologist may make a referral to a rheumatologist depending on the type and severity of your autoimmune skin disorder. 

When We Refer and Why: Our dermatologists may refer you to rheumatology when skin symptoms suggest systemic involvement, such as joint pain or fatigue. Rheumatologists often refer back to dermatology for persistent or unusual rashes. 

Diagnostic Tools: Biopsies help confirm a dermatologic diagnosis by examining skin tissue under a microscope. Rheumatologic testing can identify systemic inflammation or specific autoimmune patterns. 

Coordinated Treatment Plans: Treating autoimmune skin conditions often involves long-term care and collaboration between dermatologists and rheumatologists. 

Shared Treatments: Both dermatologists and rheumatologists may prescribe biologics or immunosuppressants to control immune activity. Treatment plans are tailored based on the extent and location of symptoms. 

Managing Expectations: Many autoimmune skin diseases are chronic and relapsing, meaning symptoms may flare even with treatment. If you are suffering from an autoimmune skin disorder, you would benefit most from consistent follow-up and the open communication between your dermatologist and rheumatologist. 

Your skin may be trying to tell you something. If you’re experiencing unexplained rashes, persistent skin issues, or symptoms that suggest an autoimmune condition, don’t wait. There is a complex relationship between autoimmune disease and skin health, and early evaluation can make a significant difference in diagnosis and treatment.  

At Optima Dermatology, our experienced providers work closely with referring specialists to ensure you receive the care you need.

We’re here to help you, listen to you – and take action. Schedule an appointment with one of our providers to discuss your skin concerns.

Is Mineral Sunscreen Better for Your Skin Than Chemical Sunscreen? 

Summer is here, and while we advocate for applying sun protection year-round, the increased time outside, greater skin exposure, and longer days make sunscreen a critical component of your daily routine. There are so many sunscreen options out there, but the two main types are mineral and chemical. So – is mineral sunscreen better for your skin than chemical sunscreen? How are they different? Which type should you use? 

This post will explain everything you need to know to help you choose the right sunscreen for your skin this summer and be skin smart for every outside activity. 

Understanding the Two Main Types of Sunscreen 

Mineral Sunscreen 

Mineral sunscreens use zinc oxide and/or titanium dioxide as active ingredients. These compounds sit on top of the skin and act as a physical barrier, reflecting harmful UV rays away from the skin. 

Mineral sunscreen offers immediate protection upon application, making it a great choice for people who need to apply and go. It’s often recommended for sensitive skin types because it is less likely to cause irritation or allergic reactions. 

Chemical Sunscreen 

Chemical sunscreens contain active ingredients such as avobenzone, oxybenzone, and octinoxate. We know – that’s a lot of alphabet soup. In short, these chemicals are each able to absorb or block UVA and UVB rays by converting them into heat and releasing that heat from the skin.  

Chemical sunscreen typically needs 15 to 30 minutes to become effective after application. These formulas are usually more lightweight and easier to rub in, often making them preferable for everyday wear, especially under makeup. 

Which Sunscreen Type Is Best for Your Skin Type? 

Choosing between mineral and chemical sunscreen depends on your skin’s specific needs and how you plan to use your sunscreen each day. Here are some factors that may help you decide whether to use a mineral or chemical sunscreen: 

• Sensitive or Acne-Prone Skin: Mineral sunscreens are generally the better choice for sensitive or acne-prone skin. They are less likely to cause irritation, clog pores, or trigger breakouts. 

• Oily Skin: Many mineral sunscreens now come in matte or oil-free formulations that help absorb excess shine. However, some lightweight chemical sunscreens may also work well, especially non-comedogenic options. 

• Dry Skin: Chemical sunscreens often come in moisturizing formulas that hydrate while protecting. Look for products with added humectants or emollients. 

• Darker Skin Tones: Chemical sunscreens tend to blend more seamlessly into the skin without leaving a white residue. Some newer mineral formulas are tinted to help address this issue, but chemical sunscreens generally remain the more cosmetically elegant option. 

• Active Lifestyles: Mineral sunscreens offer immediate protection, making them a good choice for athletes or kids who move in and out of the sun often. Many are also water-resistant. 

Make Sunscreen a Daily Habit 

The best sunscreen is the one you’ll wear every day. You may want to use a chemical sunscreen for daily activities but a mineral sunscreen at the beach. It’s up to you! The only key is consistency – regular sunscreen application is critical to protecting your skin from UV damage.  

Choose your sunscreen based on your skin type, known skin sensitivities, how it feels and looks on your skin, and when and how often you’ll be applying it.  

If you’re still unsure which sunscreen is best for your skin type or have questions about ingredients, our team at Optima Dermatology is here to help. Request an appointment and meet with a board-certified dermatologist to discuss sun protection products that align with your skin’s needs and your summer routine. Stay sun-safe and enjoy the season with confidence! 

Mackenzie Thompson, PA-C, Offers Medical Dermatology Services for Patients of All Ages 

Optima Dermatology & Medical Aesthetics is excited to welcome Mackenzie Thompson, PA-C, to its Bloomington, IN dermatology practice. Mackenzie received her Master of Physician Assistant Studies at Indiana State University, and worked as an EMT and EKG technician before becoming a physician assistant specializing in dermatology care. She is a member of the American Academy of Physician Assistants and the Society of Dermatology Physician Assistants.  

Aligning with our mission of treating every patient the way we treat our family and friends, Mackenzie takes a patient-centered approach and is excited to join Optima Dermatology in providing industry-leading dermatology care to patients in Bloomington.  

We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Mackenzie, her approach, and the path that led her to become a board-certified physician assistant. 

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?   

I chose dermatology because I enjoy the variety it offers. No two days are the same! Whether performing skin checks, procedures like biopsies or mole removals, or addressing cosmetic concerns, I love the balance of medical care and hands-on work. The diverse range of cases keeps me constantly learning, making dermatology a perfect fit. 

What is your favorite aspect of being a board-certified physician assistant? 

My favorite part of being a PA is building relationships with patients and helping them feel confident in their skin. Dermatology lets me combine medical care with precision and compassion, making my work incredibly rewarding. 

What is your approach to treating your patients?  

My approach is always patient-centered first. I enjoy taking the time to truly listen and get to know my patients, understand their concerns, and see the full picture before creating a treatment plan. Building trust and making patients feel heard is just as important as the care itself. 

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin?   

SPF! Sunscreen is my #1 recommended product, not only for protection from skin cancer, but also for anti-aging! 

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?    

I want my patients to know that my goal is to create a comfortable, judgment-free space where they can feel heard, respected, and confident in my care. I value inclusivity and want to make everyone feel welcome. 

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?     

When I’m not in the office, I love going on walks with my husband, exploring local coffee shops, and spending time with our three cats. On quieter days, I’m often reading or baking – especially when it’s cold out. 

What to Expect From Dermatology Care Delivered by Mackenzie and Her Team 

Mackenzie and her team at Optima Dermatology offer exceptional services and have the advanced training and experience to ensure the highest quality of care.  

She is accepting new patients at in Bloomington, IN. You can request an appointment online, or call (812) 200-2458.

Dr. Gregory Delost of Optima Dermatology joins New Day Cleveland to share expert insight on acne causes, treatments, and when to see a dermatologist.

June is Acne Awareness Month, and millions of people of all ages continue to deal with this common yet frustrating skin condition. Dr. Gregory Delost, board-certified dermatologist with Optima Dermatology, joined New Day Cleveland to discuss acne triggers, treatment options, and the importance of early care.

“Almost everyone has experienced acne at some point,” says Dr. Delost. “There are a lot of reasons it happens, and the good news is—we can help.”

Why Dr. Delost Became a Dermatologist

Dr. Delost’s journey to dermatology is deeply personal.

“Growing up, I had a lot of acne. I tried almost every treatment out there before finally finding something that worked. It changed my life, and that’s what motivated me to help others.”

His firsthand experience allows him to understand the emotional and physical toll acne can take—and to treat patients with compassion and understanding.

Common Acne Triggers

Acne has multiple causes, but Dr. Delost outlines several key triggers that are common among his patients:

1. Diet

Recent studies show that high-glycemic foods (which spike blood sugar and insulin levels) can contribute to acne. These include:

• White bread
• Sugary snacks and drinks
• Processed foods

Instead, Dr. Delost recommends a Mediterranean-based diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

“They say you are what you eat—it’s true when it comes to your skin.”

2. Makeup & Skincare Products

Contrary to popular belief, makeup itself isn’t always the culprit—it’s the type of makeup that matters.

Look for products labeled non-comedogenic, meaning they’re formulated to not clog pores.

“Also, don’t forget to clean your brushes and sponges regularly—and always remove your makeup before bed.”

3. Stress

Stress can elevate your cortisol levels, leading to increased oil production and breakouts.

“Simple lifestyle changes like getting enough sleep, staying hydrated, and regular exercise can have a huge impact.”

4. Overcomplicating Your Skincare Routine

Too many products or changing routines too often can irritate your skin.

“Stick to a simple, consistent routine with one or two effective products. More isn’t always better.”

Should You See a Dermatologist for Acne?

If acne keeps coming back or starts affecting your confidence, it’s time to consult a dermatologist.

“Acne can lead to scarring if left untreated. I always tell patients—come see us sooner rather than later.”

Even if your breakouts aren’t on your face, Dr. Delost says body acne is also common, especially among athletes or those with active lifestyles. Proper hygiene and targeted topical treatments can help.

Acne Is Complex—But Treatable

Acne is a multifactorial condition, meaning it’s caused by a combination of:

• Bacteria
• Inflammation
• Skin cell turnover issues
• Oil production

Dr. Delost works with each patient to build a personalized treatment plan—whether it involves lifestyle changes, prescription medications, or advanced dermatologic care.

---

Ready to Take Control of Your Skin?
If you’re struggling with acne—on your face or body—schedule an appointment with Dr. Delost and the team at Optima Dermatology. Early treatment can make all the difference.

Book your appointment today

Dr. Lipner Joins Optima’s Manchester, NH Dermatology Practice 

Optima Dermatology is excited to welcome Dr. Matthew Lipner to its Manchester, NH dermatology practice. Dr. Lipner treats patients of all ages for a variety of skin conditions, including skin cancer, acne, eczema, and psoriasis. 

Dr. Lipner received his Doctor of Medicine from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) School of Medicine where he was inducted into the Alpha Omega Medical Honor Society. He also earned his Doctor of Philosophy in Pharmacology at the Lineberger Cancer Center at UNC. While earning his MD and PhD, Dr. Lipner served as Vice President and later President of the Program Student Council. 

He then completed his dermatology residency at UNC, during which he served as Cosmetics Curriculum Chair. He also completed a transitional year residency program at Grand Strand Medical Center.  

In keeping with Optima Dermatology’s patient-centered approach to care, Dr. Lipner is committed to delivering an unparalleled patient experience and providing the highest quality of care to his patients.  

We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Dr. Lipner, his approach, and the path that led him to become a dermatologist. 

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?    

Throughout medical school and while completing my PhD, I was immersed in cancer care and research. As soon as I began my rotation in the dermatology clinic, I knew that I had found the perfect field to combine all my interests. Dermatology features exciting new treatments that drew me to oncology while also embracing a thrilling diversity of patients, complex medical cases, surgeries, and procedures. 

What is your favorite aspect of being a dermatologist? 

That’s easy – there is never a dull moment in dermatology! I am so grateful that my work is constantly challenging, fosters lifelong learning about new medical and aesthetic therapies, and leads to fulfilling long-term relationships with patients and colleagues of all ages and backgrounds. 

What is your approach to treating your patients? 

My approach really depends on a patient’s focus for their visit, but generally a physical examination – detecting subtle differences in the appearance, shapes, and textures of rashes and lesions – is my most powerful tool as a dermatologist. After this, the detective work begins as my patients and I integrate exam findings with the timeline, potential exposures, and symptoms to arrive at a diagnosis and management plan together. This process repeats, and our partnership strengthens over time as we work together to optimize skin health in the short- and long-term. 

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin? 

Protect your skin every day from the sun with a broad-spectrum sunscreen and sun-protective clothing. This tip is no secret, but all other topicals, supplements, and procedures will have limited benefits until strong sun protection becomes part of your daily routine. 

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you? 

Your skin health is my top priority. 

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients? 

When I’m not working, my wife and I are hustling to keep up with our two young daughters and dog – and I wouldn’t want it any other way!  We love exploring the outdoors, trying our hand at recipes from around the world, and watching football in the fall. 

What to Expect From Dermatological Care Delivered by Dr. Lipner and His Team 

Dr. Lipner and his team at Optima Dermatology offer exceptional services and have the advanced training and experience to ensure the highest quality of care.  

He is currently accepting new patients at our Manchester, NH location. Request an appointment online or give us a call at 855-277-9689.

Dr. Deborah Paul Brings Mohs Surgery Expertise to Optima’s Macedonia, OH Practice 

Optima Dermatology is excited to welcome Dr. Deborah Paul, MD, FAAD, to our Macedonia, OH, practice, where she will deliver expert skin cancer care and treatment. Dr. Paul is a board-certified Mohs surgeon whose expertise includes Mohs for skin cancers and cutaneous oncology.  

After receiving her Doctor of Medicine from the University of Rochester School of Medicine in New York, Dr. Paul completed an internship in internal medicine at St. Vincent Hospital in Worcester, MA. She then went on to complete her residency in dermatology at the University of Rochester and her Fellowship in Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Cutaneous Oncology at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota.  

Dr. Paul has been recognized throughout her career, receiving multiple awards and honors and authoring more than 15 medical publications. Additionally, Dr. Paul is a member of the American College of Mohs Surgery, the American Academy of Dermatology, and the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery.  

Her approach to care is aligned with Optima Dermatology’s patient-centered mission, in which we treat every patient the way we treat our family and friends. Dr. Paul is passionate about treating skin cancer and helping patients through difficult diagnoses with individualized and compassionate care.  

We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Dr. Paul, her approach, and the path that led her to become a board-certified nurse practitioner. 

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?   

Dermatology represents everything that I love about medicine. We are diagnosticians, pathologists, and surgeons. We follow a patient through all the steps of care – examining a possible skin cancer, biopsying it, removing it, and repairing it! 

To get here, I followed a fairly linear path to medicine. I always wanted to be a physician because it represents the unique intersection of art, service, and science. After college at UMASS Lowell in Lowell, Massachusetts, I attended medical school and completed my residency in Dermatology at the University of Rochester in Rochester, NY. I then completed a Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Cutaneous Oncology Fellowship at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. 

What is your favorite aspect of being a dermatologist?  

Mohs surgery patients are often in the office for a couple of hours at a time, during which I learn so much about their lives and build connections with them. The experience with each patient reminds me of the humanity in what we are privileged to do in medicine.  

What is your approach to treating your patients?   

I strongly believe that each patient’s experience is unique. I try to model the biopsychosocial model to treat patients holistically. I especially want patients to leave feeling cared for and heard. 

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin?    

Sun protection! It is never too late to start. It remains our best defense against skin cancer and skin aging. 

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?     

I understand and empathize deeply with the skin conditions our patients face. Skin conditions can be the most devastating because they are visible to the world and often out of our control.  

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?      

I am a professional sports enthusiast; I love basketball, football, track and field, and gymnastics. When I am not following my favorite New England teams, I enjoy traveling internationally. 

What to Expect From Mohs Surgery and Skin Cancer Care Delivered by Dr. Paul and Her Team 

Dr. Paul and her team at Optima Dermatology offer exceptional services and have the advanced training and experience to ensure the highest quality of care.

What to Know About This Dermatologist-Approved Skin Care Method Before You Try It

Looking for a fresh approach to your skin care as we move into warmer months? Consider implementing a skin cycling routine.  

Skin cycling is a method many dermatologists, including the American Academy of Dermatology, promote as a healthier skin care approach. In this post, we’ll explain what skin cycling is, the benefits of this method, and how to implement it into your skin care regimen. We’re laying out all the information so you can decide if a skin cycling routine is right for you.  

What is Skin Cycling? 

More isn’t always better for skin care. All these serums, balms, toners, exfoliators, moisturizers, and specialized treatments can overwhelm any skin care routine – and your skin. Skin cycling entered the picture to simplify skin care. 

Skin cycling is a dermatologist-approved rotating skin care routine designed to balance active ingredients with recovery time, so you can get the most out of your skin care products while minimizing irritation.  

Rather than using powerful products like exfoliants and retinoids every day, which can stress your skin over time, skin cycling typically follows a four-night cycle that gives your skin time to rest and repair between active treatments. 

A four-night skin cycling routine looks something like this: 

Night 1 – Exfoliation: Use a chemical exfoliant (like an AHA or BHA) to remove dead skin cells and prep your skin for better product absorption. 

Night 2 – Retinoid: Apply a retinoid or retinol to stimulate cell turnover and support collagen production. This product can be over-the-counter or prescription, depending on your needs. 

Nights 3 & 4 – Recovery: Focus on hydration and barrier repair with gentle moisturizers, ceramides, and calming ingredients. Apply to damp skin to better seal in hydration. 

Once the 4-night cycle ends, it repeats. The idea behind skin cycling is to vary your regimen so you’re adequately spacing out exfoliation and moisturization, resulting in a healthier approach to your skin care. You shouldn’t be exfoliating every night, but when balanced with other skin care practices, it is an effective treatment that helps promote healthy, glowing skin.  

Who Should Try Skin Cycling? 

Skin cycling is a great option for anyone looking to reset, simplify, or streamline their skin care routine. However, it is an especially good option for: 

• Beginners who want a structured, manageable skin care routine. 

• People with sensitive skin who experience irritation from daily active use. 

• Those using retinoids or exfoliants who want better results without overdoing it. 

If you have skin conditions like rosacea, eczema, or acne, check in with your dermatologist to ensure a skin cycling routine can support your skin’s needs. 

Benefits of Implementing a Skin Cycling Routine 

Skin cycling has gained popularity for good reason – it has numerous benefits that have earned the support of dermatologists. 

• Reduces irritation: Alternating active ingredients with rest days helps protect the skin barrier and prevents over-exfoliation. 

• Simplifies your routine: No more guessing what to use each night—skin cycling provides a clear plan – and eliminates the need to pack your bathroom full of products. 

• Maximizes results: By using exfoliants and retinoids on specific nights, your skin gets the full benefit of these products without being overwhelmed or stressed, which can reduce results over time. 

• Allows for customization: Your skin cycling routine can be adjusted based on your skin’s needs – whether you’re targeting acne, signs of aging, or texture issues, you can cycle through the products that work best for your skin. 

How to Layer Skin Care Products the Right Way 

Layering your skin care products properly is important for skin cycling – but it also applies if you’re not following a skin cycling routine. Here’s a basic layering guide: 

At Night: 

1. Cleanser – Remove makeup, dirt, and oil. 

2. Exfoliant or Retinoid – On the appropriate night of your cycle, apply your active product to clean, dry skin. 

3. Moisturizer – Always follow with a moisturizer to hydrate and protect your skin barrier. 

On Recovery Nights: 

Skip products with active ingredients in favor of gentler treatments: 

1. A gentle cleanser 

2. A hydrating serum or essence (optional) 

3. A barrier-repairing moisturizer 

In the Morning: 

1. A gentle cleanser, which is optional in the morning if you don’t have oily skin.  

2. An antioxidant serum like vitamin C to brighten and protect the skin. 

3. A lightweight and hydrating moisturizer. 

4. Sunscreen! A broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher is always recommended for protection throughout your day. 

5 Easy Tips for Starting a Skin Cycling Routine  

If you’re ready to give skin cycling a try, here are a few simple steps to help you get started: 

1. Choose your active-ingredient products carefully. For example, look for exfoliating products with alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) or beta hydroxy acids (BHAs). AHAs are recommended for dry or normal skin types, while BHAs are a good option for more oily or acne-prone skin. For retinoids, start with an over-the-counter retinol before progressing to stronger formulations. 

2. Keep your recovery nights simple. Stick with fragrance-free, hydrating products that support your skin’s barrier. 

3. Be patient. Visible improvements take time – typically 4 to 8 weeks. Avoid rushing or adding products; skin cycling works best as a four-night regimen with only the necessary products. 

4. Listen to your skin. If you notice increased dryness, redness, or sensitivity, add more recovery nights or adjust your products containing active ingredients. If problems persist, contact your dermatologist to discuss potential issues with product ingredients or your routine.  

5. Consult with a dermatologist or medical aesthetic provider. A skin care professional can help customize your skin cycle and recommend the best products for your skin type and unique needs. 

Skin cycling isn’t just a trend – many dermatologists, including at Optima Dermatology, agree that it can help you get the most out of your skin care with less irritation and more consistency. Whether you’re just starting a skin care routine or looking to simplify an existing one, skin cycling offers a balanced approach that supports long-term skin health. 

Schedule an appointment with one of our providers to discuss a skin care routine that will work best for you. 

Alyssa Hauff, MSN, FNP-BC Will Serve Patients at Optima’s Independence and Macedonia, Ohio Practices 

Optima Dermatology is excited to welcome Alyssa Hauff, MSN, FNP-BC, to our Ohio practices in Macedonia and Independence. Alyssa is a board-certified nurse practitioner who has provided medical dermatology care to patients ages 15 and older in the greater Cleveland region since 2022. 

After receiving her Bachelor of Science in Nursing and graduating with Honors from Chamberlain College of Nursing, Alyssa earned her Master of Science in nursing from Allen College. During her 12 years of nursing experience across the ICU, emergency room, and other critical care settings, Alyssa found skin care to be one of her top priorities for her patients.  

Alyssa is an active member of the Department of Dermatology and the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (AANP). She is committed to staying at the forefront of advancements in dermatology, regularly participating in training and medical education.  

In keeping with Optima Dermatology’s patient-centered approach to care, Alyssa is committed to collaborating with her patients and developing personalized treatment plans based on their unique needs. Alyssa looks forward to delivering expert dermatology care to patients in the Cleveland region out of Optima’s Macedonia and Independence practices.  

We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Alyssa, her approach, and the path that led her to become a board-certified nurse practitioner. 

---

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?   

Growing up I always thought I wanted to be a teacher, but after starting college I realized that although I enjoyed working with people, teaching was no longer my path. I went into nursing and never looked back. Within my nursing journey, skin care has always been a priority in several different settings, and I have been blessed to have the opportunity to work in the dermatology field after graduating with my nurse practitioner degree. I truly enjoy the multi-facets to this field. 

What is your favorite aspect of being a board-certified nurse practitioner? 

I enjoy working with patients. The diversity of diseases I am able to treat keeps my workday challenging and rewarding. My favorite thing is seeing patients at follow-up appointments feeling excited that things are working for them or that they feel comfortable enough to trust the process and try something new.   

What is your approach to treating your patients? 

I work to meet the unique and individual needs of each patient. I enjoy getting to know patients and relating to them to help construct individualized treatment plans. Knowing every patient is different and has different goals plays a part in how to customize care. 

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin? 

My tips for taking care of your skin are to keep it simple and never forget your sunscreen. 

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?  

I want patients to know that caring for them is my top priority. I try to understand people and what is best for them. I listen to address concerns during appointments and appreciate patients being open, vulnerable, and honest as we discuss how to achieve the best outcomes for them.  

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients? 

When I am not in the office, I like to spend my time with family and friends. I have two daughters who are active, which keeps me busy. If there is any spare time, I enjoy staying active with cooking, reading, and exercising. 

---

What to Expect From Dermatological Care Delivered by Alyssa and Her Team 

Alyssa and her team at Optima Dermatology offer exceptional services and have the advanced training and experience to ensure the highest quality of care.  

She is currently accepting new patients at our Macedonia, OH location, and will be accepting new patients at our Independence, OH practice upon its opening on July 14, 2025. You can request an appointment in Macedonia online, or call (330) 306-9844. Schedule an appointment in advance in Independence online or call (216) 282-0369.

Small Changes Can Help You Manage Your Acne 

Learn the Everyday Habits That Could Be Causing Breakouts 

Acne can affect people of all ages and skin types. While genetics and hormones do play a role, everyday habits that may go unnoticed can contribute to acne. The good news? Small changes in your routine can lead to clearer, healthier skin. 

Let’s dive into some common acne triggers and what you can do to prevent breakouts. 

Diet & Breakouts:

Your diet has a direct impact on your skin. What you eat, and importantly what you avoid eating, can lead to meaningful changes in your skin health and acne severity. 

How to reduce acne flareups: 

• Drink plenty of water: Hydration helps maintain a strong skin barrier and improve overall skin health. 

• Eat a minimally processed, nutrient-rich diet: Processed foods, especially high glycemic index foods like white bread, pastries, and sugary snacks, trigger acne by spiking blood sugar levels and disrupting the gut microbiome, which in turn lead to increased oil production and inflammation in the skin^1-6. Whole foods rich in fiber, like vegetables, legumes, and whole grains, promote the opposite effects and have been shown to decrease acne severity^1-4,7. Consider taking a probiotic, which have recently shown promising results for improving acne^8-10. 

• Eat anti-inflammatory foods: Foods that prevent inflammation like leafy greens, fatty fish such as salmon and tuna, and antioxidant-rich green tea and berries can help balance your skin and improve skin health^1-3,11-12. Consider taking an omega-3 fatty acid supplement, which has been associated with improvement in acne in several studies^1,3,13 

• Limit dairy products: Consuming dairy products, especially milk, has been shown in some studies to be associated with acne severity through hormonal and inflammatory pathways^4,14-15.  

Stress & Skin: Why It Matters  

Have you ever noticed that your skin breaks out right before a big event? Stress increases cortisol levels, triggering excess oil production and inflammation – a perfect storm for acne^16-18. 

Here are some great tips for managing stress to prevent breakouts: 

• Practice mindfulness and meditation to reduce stress 

• Get enough sleep – your skin repairs itself overnight! 

• Exercise regularly to help regulate hormones and improve circulation 

We all experience stress, but practicing stress-management techniques can help you feel more relaxed and reduce the likelihood of a breakout.  

Makeup Mistakes That May Be Clogging Your Pores 

Makeup helps to enhance your look, but certain habits can trap bacteria, oil, and dirt leading to clogged pores and breakouts. 

Common Makeup Mistakes: 

• Using comedogenic or pore-clogging products that trap oil and bacteria. 

• Not removing makeup properly before bed.  

• Using dirty brushes or beauty sponges, which can hold bacteria. 

What to Do Instead: 

• Look for non-comedogenic, oil-free, and mineral-based makeup products. 

• Double-cleanse at night to remove makeup and buildup. 

• Wash makeup brushes and sponges weekly to prevent bacteria buildup. 

Examine Your Skincare Routine for These Common Pitfalls 

A good skincare routine is key, but some products and habits can do more harm than good. 

What to Avoid: 

• Harsh scrubs & over-exfoliating. Scrubbing and exfoliating too frequently can strip your skin of its natural oils, causing it to produce even more oil. 

• Heavy creams & certain oils. Thick moisturizers can clog pores, especially if you have acne-prone skin. 

• Unprotected sun exposure. UV rays can darken acne scars and cause lasting harm if skin isn’t properly shielded. 

What to Do Instead: 

• Stick to a gentle, consistent skincare routine. 

• Wash your face twice a day with a mild facial cleanser¹⁹. 

• Use a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer daily to keep skin hydrated without clogging pores. 

• Apply SPF every day – even on cloudy days! 

Small, Daily Skincare Habits That Can Make a Big Difference 

• Avoid touching your face to prevent bacterial transfer. 

• Clean your phone screen regularly to remove oil and bacteria that can transfer to your skin when in use²⁰. 

Breaking out? Don’t panic! By making simple changes to your diet, skincare routine, and daily habits, you can reduce breakouts and support long-term skin health. 

If your acne persists or worsens despite following these management tips, schedule an appointment with a board-certified dermatologist for personalized treatment options.

May is Skin Cancer Awareness Month, and there’s no better time to highlight the importance of early detection and prevention. Dr. Gregory Delost, a board-certified dermatologist at Optima Dermatology, recently appeared on New Day Cleveland to discuss key facts about skin cancer—what to look for, who’s at risk, and how to protect your skin.

Why Early Detection Matters

Dr. Delost shared a powerful story from his previous appearance on the show when he discussed skin cancer; “We showed some images on air, and the following Monday, I had three patients come in because they recognized symptoms on themselves. All three were diagnosed with treatable skin cancer.”

That kind of impact underscores how important awareness is—especially since skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the U.S.

Who Is Most at Risk?

Dr. Delost emphasized that 1 in 5 Americans will be diagnosed with skin cancer at some point. Risk factors include:

• Fair or light skin tones
• Light-colored hair and eyes
• A history of sunburns, especially during childhood
• Tanning bed use
• A family history of skin cancer
• Suppressed immune systems (e.g., organ transplant recipients)

Types of Skin Cancer

The three most common types of skin cancer include:

1. Basal Cell Carcinoma – Usually appears as a pearly bump with visible blood vessels.
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma – Often shows up as a crusty, painful scab in sun-exposed areas.
3. Melanoma – The most dangerous form, capable of spreading to other parts of the body. It’s less common but far more deadly if not caught early.

The ABCDEs of Melanoma – What to Watch For

If you notice a mole or spot on your skin that seems suspicious, remember the ABCDEs:

• Asymmetry – One half doesn’t match the other.
• Border – Irregular, jagged, or blurred edges.
• Color – More than one color or an uneven distribution.
• Diameter – Larger than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser).
• Evolving – Any change in shape, size, or color over time.

Dr. Delost notes that evolution is often the most important warning sign.

“If something is changing, it’s worth having a dermatologist take a look.”

Parents: Trust Your Instincts

Dr. Delost also addressed concerns from parents who notice changes in their child’s moles or birthmarks.

“If you’re ever unsure, get it checked. You’re never wasting our time.”

Preventive Measures: How to Protect Your Skin

As summer approaches, it’s crucial to take steps to protect your skin. Dr. Delost recommends:

• Avoid tanning beds – They dramatically increase your risk.
• Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher.
• Look for active ingredients like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide.
• Reapply sunscreen every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating.
• Seek shade and wear protective clothing during peak sun hours (10 AM – 4 PM).

Visit Dr. Delost in Mentor, OH

If you have any concerns about a spot on your skin or simply want a preventive screening, Dr. Delost welcomes patients at Optima Dermatology in Mentor, OH.

“No news is good news. But the only way to know for sure is to come in.”

---

Schedule a Skin Check Today
Early detection saves lives. Don’t wait—book an appointment with Dr. Delost at Optima Dermatology in Mentor, OH today.

Products and Treatments to Add, Swap, or Skip in the Spring Season

Your skincare routine should change throughout the year – in the colder months, you’re exposed to harsh winds and dry air, while in the spring and summer, you’re exposed to more direct sunlight and increased humidity.  

Seasonally appropriate products can keep your skin feeling rejuvenated, balanced, and glowing, and ensure it stays protected and healthy whether you’re on a beach or a ski slope.  

These spring skincare tips for products to add, swap, or skip will help you freshen up your skin after the long, cold winter, and prepare it for the warmer weather ahead.  

What to Add to Your Skincare Routine in the Spring 

Antioxidant Serums (Like Vitamin C): Warmer weather gets everyone outside more, and with increased sun exposure, spring is the perfect time to add an antioxidant serum like Vitamin C to your skincare routine. Antioxidants help protect the skin from environmental damage, brighten your complexion, and support collagen production for healthier skin. 

Tinted SPF with Broad-Spectrum Protection: If you’ve been using a heavier foundation in the winter, it can take a back seat in the spring; opt for a tinted SPF with broad-spectrum coverage instead! This multitasking product evens skin tone hydrates the skin and protects against UVA/UVB rays in one easy step. Plus, using only one makeup product helps prevent clogged pores and keeps your skin feeling lighter. A few favorites you can typically find at Optima Dermatology are Alastin’s HydraTint Pro Mineral Sunscreen and Revision Skincare’s Intellishade. 

Lightweight Moisturizers: As humidity levels rise, your skin craves lighter hydration. Swap out heavy occlusive moisturizers for a gel-based or oil-free moisturizer that keeps skin hydrated without feeling greasy. Alastin’s HA (Hyaluronic Acid) IMMERSE Serum™ is a favorite amongst our team. 

Make a Product Swap: Try These Trending Spring Skincare Options 

Niacinamide: A must-have for calming redness and improving skin texture. Perfect for post-winter sensitivity and seasonal breakouts. 

Peptides: Peptides pack powerful support for the skin barrier, boost hydration, and promote collagen production for a smoother, plumper complexion. 

Mineral Sunscreens: If you have sensitive skin, opt for mineral-based sunscreens with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. These products provide broad-spectrum protection without irritation. 

Skincare Products to Skip This Spring 

Harsh Exfoliants: Your skin is already adjusting to the change in weather, so ease up on chemical peels or gritty scrubs. Over-exfoliating can lead to redness, irritation, and increased skin sensitivity. Instead, gentle exfoliation once or twice weekly will keep your skin fresh. 

Heavy Moisturizing Creams: Lathering on thick moisturizing creams in the winter is a must to combat that dry air but come spring you can toss those to the side and grab a lighter product that works better with higher humidity levels. 

Creamy, Thick Cleansers: If you use a cream-based cleanser in winter, spring is a great time to switch to a foaming or gel-based cleanser that removes excess oil and sweat without stripping your skin of necessary oils. 

Spring Clean Your Skincare Products 

Spring cleaning is a great way to shake off the winter chill and start the new season fresher and cleaner. You can spring clean your skincare products like you would clean your home.  

Here are a few tips for refreshing your products, and unlike scrubbing your baseboards, it only takes a few minutes: 

• Check expiration dates. Expired products lose effectiveness and can even irritate the skin. Toss anything that’s past its prime! 

• Streamline your routine Stick to a few essential products that work best for your skin and part ways with all those half-empty bottles. 

• Sanitize your applicators and tools. Clean your makeup brushes, beauty sponges, and facial rollers to prevent breakouts and bacteria buildup. 

These spring skincare tips are meant to help you swap your heavier winter products for lighter, seasonal essentials, and declutter your shelf to make room for the essentials.  

As we head into spring, consider meeting with one of our board-certified dermatologists to identify your unique skincare needs and help freshen up your routine for spring. Request an appointment at one of our many locations in Maine, New Hampshire, Indiana, and Ohio! 

We’re back with another Derm Deep Dive, a series where we provide expert advice from one of our board-certified dermatologists about a specific topic in skin care. For this edition, we collaborated with board-certified and fellowship-trained Mohs surgeon, Dr. Sherry Yu to offer a guide to moles and spots on skin, detailing what to look for, what they might be, and when to see a dermatologist. 

The Importance of Monitoring Moles and Spots 

Most people have moles, and while they are typically harmless, it’s important to monitor them for any changes in size, shape, or color, as these can sometimes be signs of skin cancer. 

Keeping an eye on your moles and other spots on your skin is an important part of maintaining skin health. For example, if you know you have a small brown mole behind your knee and notice that it changes—perhaps becoming irregular in shape or developing a darker border—it’s a good idea to see a dermatologist. One helpful guideline is the “ugly duckling” rule: if most of your moles are similar in size, shape, and color, and one stands out as different, that’s a sign it should be checked out. 

When it comes to skin cancer, early detection and treatment are critical. The Skin Cancer Foundation recommends getting a full body skin check at least once a year. It’s also important to do skin checks more regularly at home (at least once a month). At-home skin checks ensure that you’re familiar with your own skin and therefore able to notice any changes right away. Knowing what to look for is key, so let’s go over the moles and spots that should catch your attention. 

Moles, Birthmarks, and Spots: Characteristics and Differences 

There are some important but somewhat subtle differences among moles, birthmarks, and spots on the skin.  

Moles:  

Moles are extremely common and are typically noncancerous. They are caused by a group of pigment-producing skin cells, called melanocytes. Moles can vary widely in size, shape, and color. They may be flat or raised, round or oval, and range in color from flesh-toned to dark brown or black, some may even appear multicolored. People typically have a variety of moles on their skin, and while moles are generally harmless, if you notice a mole undergoing a change in its size, shape, or pigmentation, you should have it looked at by a dermatologist to rule out skin cancer.  

Birthmarks:  

Birthmarks are colored areas on the skin that appear shortly after birth and are very similar to moles in how they are formed and how they behave. Common birthmarks fall into two categories. Red or vascular birthmarks such as hemangiomas, congenital dermal melanocytosis spots, and port wine stains. And pigmented birthmarks such as cafe-au-lait spots, salmon patches. 

Like moles, while most birthmarks are harmless, they could carry a small risk of developing into skin cancer. Monitor birth marks in your monthly at-home skin checks and schedule an appointment with your dermatologist if you notice any changes. 

Spots: 

Finally, when we talk about spots, these would be any spots that are not moles or birthmarks, such as sunspots, scars, a newly formed area of discoloration or texture, or a lesion that continuously returns or is not healing. 

Our skin naturally changes over time, but if you notice something new, it’s always wise to get it checked. In many cases, your dermatologist can determine if an area is concerning just by examining it and will perform a biopsy if needed. 

What Makes a Mole or Spot Suspicious? 

Having a lot of moles or birthmarks increases your risk of developing skin cancer, although the risk depends on the size and type of mole or birthmark. Individuals with more than 50 moles, or moles that are unusual in size or shape, are at higher risk of developing melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer.  

Pay attention to the following indicators of potential skin cancer, which apply to moles, birthmarks, and new or existing spots: 

• Moles or birthmarks that seem to have become larger or thicker or have changed in color or texture. If this mole or birthmark becomes larger than a pencil eraser, see your dermatologist right away. 

• A dark spot on your skin that is either new or has changed in size or appearance, similar to what you should look for with a mole or birthmark. 

• Any type of growth on your skin that is new or has changed in size and appearance, especially if it looks transparent or takes on a tan, brown, black, or multi-colored hue. 

• Any spot or sore that hurts, is itchy, bleeding, crusting, or scabbing over and will not heal, or temporarily heals and then returns.  

Sun exposure, family history, and having fair skin, blue eyes, red hair, or freckles also increase the potential of developing melanoma. 

Along with always wearing sunscreen and avoiding tanning beds, at home skin checks and full body skin checks are essential ways to detect skin cancer early.  

Conducting an Effective At-Home Skin Check 

1. Use a full-length mirror in a brightly lit space to examine the front, back, right, and left sides of your body. Raise your arms to view hard-to-see places. 

2. Examine your underarms, forearms, the palms of your hands, and your fingernails.  

3. Look at the soles of your feet, your toenails, the spaces between your toes, and the backs of your feet and legs.  

4. Examine your neck and scalp using a small hand mirror, being sure to part your hair for a better look at different areas of your scalp. 

5. Check your back and buttocks, also using a hand mirror. 

6. Take photos of any spots that are concerning to you so you can show your dermatologist or accurately monitor at home.  

Keep an eye on those moles, birthmarks, and spots! Skin cancer rates are rising each year, and early detection saves lives. Schedule your full-body skin check today with Optima Dermatology by calling (855) 277-9689.