Board-Certified Physician Assistant Brittany Joseph Joins Optima’s Stow, OH Practice
Brittany Will Deliver Expert Medical Dermatology Care to Patients of All Ages
Board-Certified Physician Assistant Brittany Joseph, PA-C, RDMS, RVT, is joining Optima Dermatology’s Stow, OH practice, where she will deliver expert skin care treatment to patients of all ages.
Brittany treats a variety of skin conditions, including acne, eczema, psoriasis, and skin cancer, and has been providing dermatology services to patients in the Cleveland region since 2017.
Inspired by her own challenges with acne and eczema in high school and college, Brittany pursued a career in medical care, receiving her Bachelor of Radiologic and Imaging Sciences in Diagnostic Medical Sonography from Kent State University, and her Master of Physician Assistant Studies from Baldwin Wallace University, both in Ohio.
She has gone on to become a member of the Ohio Academy of Physician Assistants, the American Academy of Physician Assistants, the Society of Dermatology Physician Assistants, the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, and the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography.
Continuing a Commitment to Care in Ohio
With this move to Optima Dermatology’s Stow practice, Brittany is excited for the opportunity to continue serving patients in Ohio. She delivers uncompromising care rooted in the same philosophy practiced by all Optima providers: treating our patients the way we would treat our family and friends.
We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Brittany, her approach, and the path that led her to become a board-certified physician assistant.
What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?
I first encountered the dermatology field when I was struggling with acne and eczema throughout high school and college. I had such a great experience and always felt like the providers truly cared and helped with my skin issues. I started my career in health care as an ultrasound technologist, but after about 4 years, I decided to further my education and applied for PA school. I did some shadowing in dermatology and a dermatology rotation that really sparked my interest. I loved the variety of skin conditions, the procedures, and the autonomy the providers had. After becoming a board-certified physician assistant, I found it difficult to find a dermatology position that didn’t require prior experience in the field, so I decided to pursue a career in emergency medicine. I practiced emergency medicine for 5 years before joining a dermatology practice in 2022. I have since built a diverse medical and procedural foundation through my experiences in emergency medicine, and I love building lasting relationships with patients while helping them navigate their skin health.
What is your favorite aspect of being a board-certified physician assistant?
I appreciate the solid, diverse medical foundation we receive in school and the ability to treat patients of all ages and medical specialties. I also love the autonomy and confidence I’ve achieved over the years working in several different fields.
What is your approach to treating your patients?
I always take a shared decision-making approach when treating my patients; I want them to feel heard and have a say in their treatment. I also want my patients to understand their diagnosis and feel comfortable with the treatment plan.
What is your number one tip for taking care of your skin?
My number one skin care tip is to use products for sensitive skin: a gentle wash, moisturizer, and sunscreen. More is not always better, especially considering the cost of skin care products.
What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?
I want patients to know that I truly understand how frustrating and embarrassing it can be to deal with certain skin conditions because I have been on the other side of it. My passion is helping patients feel more comfortable in their skin and regain confidence.
What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?
Outside of the office, I spend most of my time with my two young children and husband. We love being active and enjoy the outdoors, whether playing in the backyard with our dog, cat, and chickens, camping, fishing, boating, swimming, or skiing. I also love to cook and try out new recipes for the family.
What to Expect From Brittany and Her Team
Patients visiting Brittany and her team at Optima Dermatology’s Stow practice will receive quality care backed by advanced training and experience.
Brittany is currently accepting new patients at our Stow, OH practice. To schedule an appointment, call 440-283-3968, or schedule an appointment online.
Derm Deep Dive: Navigating Eczema Treatment With Topical Corticosteroids
Understanding the Risks, Benefits, and Alternative Options
It can take just a single eczema flare-up to leave someone desperate for relief and treatment. Topical corticosteroids are commonly used to provide that relief; however, like any medication, it’s important to know what topical corticosteroids are, what they do, and the potential risks or side effects.
For National Eczema Awareness Month, this Derm Deep Dive has all the details about topical corticosteroids for eczema so you can feel informed and confident about your eczema treatment plan.
Topical Corticosteroids Have Long Been Used to Treat Eczema
Corticosteroids include pills, inhalers, injections, and topicals, and help reduce inflammation in the body. Corticosteroids first came on the scene in the 1950s – a revolutionary treatment for eczema at the time. Today they are one of the most commonly prescribed treatments for eczema flare-ups.
The popularity of corticosteroids is easy to understand for anyone who has experienced eczema. The National Eczema Association reports that 68% of adults and 74% of children with eczema experience at least one flare-up each month, and for some, daily. And flare-ups can cause far more symptoms than dry or irritated skin. Patients often experience intense itching, redness, inflammation, or discomfort that can interfere with everyday life.
Dive Deeper:
Topical corticosteroids are applied directly to the skin and help suppress the body’s inflammatory response to reduce eczema symptoms. They’re offered in a variety of strengths, from low-potency formulations to highly potent medications, but stronger doesn’t always mean better; your treatment depends on the severity of your eczema and where it’s located.
And while corticosteroids can provide significant relief from eczema symptoms, potential side effects and safety concerns can make patients hesitant to use them. It’s just as important to understand what you’re using as it is how you’re using it.
The Possible Side Effects of Topical Corticosteroids
The American Academy of Dermatology states that side effects from topical corticosteroids are rare when a dermatologist manages treatment and the medication is used as directed; however, side effects can occur and depend on the potency, amount, frequency, location of use, and duration of treatment.
Side effects can include:
Easy bruising
Stretch marks
Changes in skin pigmentation
Breakouts similar to acne or rosacea
Skin thinning
Visible blood vessels
Skin thinning is the most common side effect, especially in adults, and is often preceded by wrinkled or weakened skin.
Encouragingly, a PubMed study in 2023 identifies “no evidence of harm” when topical corticosteroids are used as recommended to treat flare-ups, and supports the belief that intermittent use yields fewer side effects.
Is Topical Steroid Withdrawal a Concern?
Withdrawal symptoms, also called Topical Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome, typically occur only if the high potency medication is used for an inappropriate and prolonged time. The National Eczema Association lists primary symptoms as burning, stinging, and bright red skin, which can appear days or weeks after ending the use of topical corticosteroids.
Because eczema is a chronic inflammatory condition, symptoms can return when treatment is stopped. While it’s more likely your symptoms are an indication the underlying eczema has returned, they could signify eczema withdrawal. If you experience any concerning symptoms after discontinuing corticosteroid use, contact your dermatologist right away.
The National Eczema Association acknowledges that instructions for topical corticosteroid use can be confusing for patients, which increases the chances of the medication being used incorrectly. Studies about topical corticosteroids draw a line between incorrect use and the increased likelihood of side effects and withdrawal, underlining the importance of working closely with your dermatologist and following a treatment plan.
Can You Minimize The Risk of Side Effects From Topical Corticosteroids?
Following your dermatologist’s treatment plan is the most effective way to minimize the risk of any potential side effects. Recommendations for responsible topical corticosteroid use can include:
Using the Lowest Necessary Potency: Stronger or potent formulations are primarily used on thicker skin like the limbs, palms, or soles of the feet, while mild potency options are more ideal for the face or skin folds. Make sure you are using the correct potency for the affected area.
Following a Twice-Daily Application: Most dermatologists will recommend applying a topical steroid twice a day, then taper to once-daily.
Trying a “Short Bursts” Approach: Use the medication for a short duration – typically one to two weeks or until your active rash and intense itchiness subside.
Applying Carefully to Sensitive Areas: The face, neck, groin, and skin folds are more sensitive and typically don’t require high-potency medication or high-frequency applications.
Moisturizing Regularly: Eczema treatment isn’t all about medication. Moisturizers help support the skin barrier and can be an important part of an eczema treatment.
The right treatment plan will increase the likelihood you’ll be able to manage your eczema and experience some relief from your symptoms.
Alternatives to Topical Corticosteroids for Eczema Treatment
We know consistent moisturizing is a foundation of successful eczema treatment. But if moisturizers aren’t cutting it and you are looking for alternatives to topical corticosteroid use, there are a number of options to consider.
1. Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors (TCIs)
TCIs are prescription medications designed to treat eczema in individuals who either haven’t seen results from topical corticosteroids or cannot use them. TCIs can be applied directly to the skin and work by stopping the activity of certain cells in the immune system.
2. Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors
These oral or topical medications are not steroids. They prevent the protein cytokines in the skin from attaching to certain receptors in the body that cause immune system overactivity. JAKs are ideal for individuals who haven’t had success with other treatments. Some side effects can be serious, so it’s important to speak with your dermatologist about JAKs and potential risk factors.
3. Injectable Medications
Non-steroid injections can be effective at treating eczema flare-ups. They contain biologics that target specific pathways involved in the immune response.
4. Phototherapy
Using controlled doses of ultraviolet light, dermatologists can help reduce inflammation in patients who aren’t responding to topical treatments. A Cochrane Library study found that phototherapy effectively reduced itching and visible symptoms in patients with eczema.
5. Other Non-Steroidal Topical Treatments
There are numerous prescription medications like criaborole, roflumilast, ruxolitinib, and tapinarof, which are prescribed depending on the specific diagnosis, severity, and patient’s age. These topical treatments can be highly effective at treating mild-to-moderate eczema symptoms.
When Should I see a Dermatologist About My Eczema?
You should see a dermatologist as soon as you have concerns about your skin health, especially if at-home moisturizing or other treatments aren’t reducing your symptoms.
Working with a dermatologist is an important first step in eczema management. They can help you understand whether eczema is causing your symptoms or whether you have another skin condition – and which treatment will work best.
If you are prescribed a topical corticosteroid, your dermatologist will also help you navigate what can be a complex treatment plan. You should get the following information from your dermatologist before beginning any eczema treatment plan:
Which potency is appropriate
Where and how often the medication should be applied
How long your treatment should last
When you may need to transition from a corticosteroid to another treatment
Whether an alternative treatment could work better for you
Eczema remains a primary skin issue for Americans, and seeking treatment is often the only way to find effective relief. At Optima Dermatology, our board-certified providers are experts in skin issues and will help you navigate your treatment whether it is topical corticosteroids or an alternative option – so you can take control of your eczema and get back to your life.
Schedule an appointment today with one of our expert providers, and get the eczema treatment help you need, and deserve.
Frequently Asked Questions About Topical Corticosteroids
Are topical corticosteroids safe for treating eczema?
Yes. Topical corticosteroids are considered an effective first-line treatment for many eczema flares and can be safe when used as directed. The risk of side effects depends on factors such as the steroid’s potency, how often it is applied, how long it is used, and where it is applied. Your dermatologist can help determine the appropriate medication and treatment duration for your skin.
Can topical corticosteroids make eczema worse?
Topical corticosteroids are generally used to reduce eczema-related inflammation and itching rather than make eczema worse. However, symptoms can return after treatment is stopped because eczema is a chronic condition. If your eczema repeatedly worsens after stopping a topical corticosteroid, talk with your dermatologist to determine whether you are experiencing a typical flare, a medication-related reaction, or another skin condition.
What are the side effects of using topical corticosteroids for eczema?
Potential side effects include skin thinning, easy bruising, visible blood vessels, stretch marks, pigmentation changes, and acne-like or rosacea-like breakouts. The risk is generally higher with potent steroids, prolonged use, and application to thin or sensitive areas of skin. Following your dermatologist’s instructions can help minimize these risks.
What is topical corticosteroid withdrawal, and how do I know if I have it?
Topical corticosteroid withdrawal (TSW) is a reported reaction that can occur after reducing or stopping prolonged use of topical corticosteroids, particularly potent steroids used inappropriately. Symptoms may include intense redness, burning, itching, or swelling. However, these symptoms can overlap with an eczema flare, so it is important to see a dermatologist for an accurate evaluation rather than assuming that symptoms are caused by TSW.
What can I use for eczema instead of topical corticosteroids?
Several non-steroidal options may be available, including topical calcineurin inhibitors such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, topical PDE-4 inhibitors such as crisaborole and roflumilast, topical JAK inhibitors such as ruxolitinib, and other prescription treatments. Moisturizers, trigger management, phototherapy, biologic medications, and oral treatments may also be appropriate depending on the severity of your eczema. A dermatologist can help determine which options are best for you.
Optima Dermatology Welcomes Megan Metheny, NP-C, to Our Stratham, NH Practice
Megan Brings More Than a Decade of Experience to Patients in the Seacoast, NH Area
We’re excited to welcome Megan Metheny, NP-C, to Optima Dermatology’s Stratham, NH practice as our newest board-certified nurse practitioner. Megan has been serving patients since 2010 and providing medical dermatology care for individuals 13 and older, including skin cancer screenings and treatment for skin cancer, acne, psoriasis, eczema, and more.
After developing clinical expertise as a registered nurse in multiple hospital settings, Megan earned her Master of Science in Nursing at Quinnipiac University, and her Bachelor of Science in Nursing from the University of Saint Joseph, graduating summa cum laude. She currently maintains membership in the Dermatology Nurses Association, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, and Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing.
Megan is committed to delivering an unparalleled patient experience and looks forward to serving patients in Stratham and around the Seacoast with personalized, comprehensive care.
Passionate Care Delivered by Passionate Experts
Megan’s approach to care mirrors Optima Dermatology’s mission of treating patients as we would our own family and friends, and she ensures every patient feels seen and cared for during their visit and in ongoing follow-up.
We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Megan, her approach, and the path that led her to become a nurse practitioner.
What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to getting there look like for you?
My path to dermatology started during graduate school at Quinnipiac University when I was placed in a dermatology rotation. I was fortunate to work with an incredible mentor who was passionate about dermatology. She showed me how meaningful the specialty was, and she continues to be my mentor today.
After graduation, I began my career as a nurse practitioner in vascular surgery in Connecticut, where my husband and I were living at the time. That experience gave me a strong clinical and procedural foundation early in my career. When we later moved to the Seacoast area in New Hampshire, the door to dermatology finally opened for me, and it felt like the perfect fit. I have been treating patients in the area for 4 years.
What is your favorite aspect of being a board-certified nurse practitioner?
I love the relationships I build with patients over time. In this career, I often have the opportunity to care for patients for many years, whether through managing chronic conditions, performing routine skin checks, or administering regular neurotoxin injections.
What is your approach to treating your patients?
My approach starts with listening. Everyone’s skin, lifestyle, and goals are different, so I like to understand what matters most to each patient before deciding on a treatment plan.
What is your top tip for taking care of your skin?
Wear sunscreen! It’s one of the most important things you can do for your skin every day. I’m a big fan of tinted sunscreen. It provides great sun protection, helps blur imperfections, and gives your skin a really nice, natural glow.
What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?
I value the relationships I build with my patients and want them to feel comfortable (and heard) during their visits. If you’ve researched your condition or have a treatment you’re curious about, I am all ears. Let’s talk about it and work together to find the best plan for your skin and your lifestyle.
What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?
I live on the Seacoast with my husband and our two young kids. Life outside of work is usually busy and fun. We love being outdoors. We enjoy afternoon beach trips, grabbing a sandwich to eat by the water, and stopping for ice cream on the way home. When time allows, I also enjoy fitting in a yoga class.
What to Expect From Dermatological Care Delivered by Megan and Her Team
Patients visiting with Megan and her team at Optima Dermatology will receive the highest quality care backed by decades of advanced training and experience.
She is currently accepting new patients at our Stratham, NH location. Request an appointment online or call us at (603) 942-2171.
Learn How to Protect Your Skin’s Biggest Protector
Cold air, sweat, heat, humidity, UV rays, and exfoliation all challenge your skin barrier. It works so hard to protect your skin – so what can you do to protect it in return?
There are a lot of products out there claiming to help repair the skin barrier and promote more resilient skin; however, being skin smart means looking deeper into the trends. While social media has given consumers more access to information about skin care treatments and products than ever before, misinformation and trend-driven behaviors are actually creating more skin issues.
TikTok trends can promote corrective skin care practices for the skin barrier, but fail to consider an individual’s skin physiology, ingredient tolerance, or long-term skin health goals.
In this article, we explain the why, when, and how of skin barrier protection, and the benefit of consulting with a dermatologist for a personalized treatment plan.
What is the Skin Barrier?
The skin barrier, or the stratum corneum, is the skin’s outermost layer. Its main function is protection and hydration.
The skin barrier is often described in terms of brick and mortar, because it’s made up of dead skin cells, or corneocytes (the “bricks”) that are held together by lipids and a thin layer of slightly acidic film (the “mortar”). Together, these components lock in moisture, maintain skin health and comfort, and keep germs and irritants out.
When the cells, lipids, and film are intact, the skin barrier offers optimal protection, and your complexion will be healthy, hydrated, and balanced. However, if it starts to break down, moisture escapes more easily and threats like allergens, toxins, and bacteria, can get in more easily, making the skin more vulnerable to irritation, inflammation, and dryness.
What Causes Damage to the Skin Barrier?
Environmental factors like UV exposure or extreme cold and hot air can certainly play a role in damaging the skin barrier, but there are some other common causes that are typically directly linked to a skin care routine.
Over-Exfoliation. Using harsh scrubs or chemical exfoliants often strip away the skin’s protective outer layer, and frequent exfoliation doesn’t give the skin barrier enough time to recover.
Irritating Ingredients. Skincare products that contain high concentrations of alcohol, strong cleansing agents, or fragrances irritate sensitive skin and damage the skin barrier.
Overuse of Active Ingredients. “Actives” like retinoids, alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), beta hydroxy acids (BHAs), among others, can provide excellent benefits for your skin when used properly. However, using too many at once or introducing them too quickly can overwhelm the skin and irritate the skin barrier.
Over-Cleansing. Washing your face too frequently, especially with harsh cleansers, can remove the beneficial lipids that help protect the skin. For a balanced skin care routine, wash your face in the morning and evening with gentle cleansers, and apply a fragrance-free moisturizer immediately after to lock in protection.
Sun Exposure. Consider this another reminder to apply sunscreen! UV exposure without sun protection damages skin cells and weakens the skin barrier over time. Applying a daily sunscreen is the simplest, most effective way to protect your skin’s natural protective barrier.
Signs You Need to Repair Your Skin Barrier
When your skin barrier becomes damaged, you may notice some fairly obvious symptoms:
Dryness or tightness
Flaky or peeling skin
Redness
Burning or stinging after applying skincare products
Increased sensitivity
Rough texture
Itching
Breakouts that are not typical for your skin
Reactivity to products you’ve used before
If you’re experiencing any sudden skin irritation, it could be a sign your skin barrier is damaged and needs to be repaired, and it may be time to schedule a visit with your dermatologist.
A dermatologist can help you determine if your symptoms are related to a damaged skin barrier and diagnose whether you have a specific skin condition caused by a damaged skin barrier.
A damaged skin barrier can is linked to many skin issues, including:
Your skin barrier can be repaired, but it requires time, consistency, and the right approach. Despite many skin care trends promising rapid results, repairing the skin barrier is not immediate. The skin needs some time to restore its natural lipids and rebuild its protective structure.
Fortunately, more mild skin barrier damage improves by scaling down your skin care routine and using supportive products.
Simplify Your Routine
If your skin feels irritated, it’s a sign you should scale down use of active ingredients in favor of a gentle cleanser, moisturizer, and sunscreen until your skin feels balanced again and can handle slow introduction of active ingredients.
Use Ingredients that Support the Skin Barrier
Many moisturizers are formulated specifically to strengthen the skin barrier. Helpful ingredients include:
Ceramides: Replenish the skin’s natural lipids
Hyaluronic Acid: Attracts and holds moisture
Glycerin: A humectant that helps hydrate the skin
Niacinamide: Supports skin barrier function and calms redness
Fatty Acids: Help restore the skin’s protective lipid layer
Apply a Daily Sunscreen
Before leaving the house each day, apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF 30 or higher to protect your skin from UV rays and support long-term skin barrier health.
Using gentle products consistently is more effective than frequently switching routines or trying every trending skin care product you see on social media.
The best habits that help protect your skin barrier include:
Introducing new products one at a time
Give your skin several weeks to adjust to any changes before adding additional actives
Keep your skin moisturized daily
Adjust your routine seasonally to account for colder, drier months and hot, humid months
Scale back when your skin feels irritated rather than adding more products or trying a new routine, especially a skin cycling routine
Importantly, be patient. Skin repair takes time, and depending on the level of skin barrier damage, it may take several weeks of consistent care to see and feel a difference.
If you’re struggling with irritation and discomfort and can’t find relief, visit your dermatologist. Schedule an appointment today with one of our expert providers who will help you repair your skin barrier with a personalized treatment and plan.
Frequently Asked Questions About Repairing a Damaged Skin Barrier
What is the skin barrier?
The skin barrier is the outermost layer of your skin, called the stratum corneum. It acts as a protective shield by locking in moisture while helping keep bacteria, irritants, allergens, and pollutants out.
How do I know if my skin barrier is damaged?
Common signs of a damaged skin barrier include dryness, flaking, redness, burning or stinging after applying skincare products, increased sensitivity, rough texture, and unexpected breakouts. If these symptoms persist, it’s a good idea to see a dermatologist.
How long does it take to repair the skin barrier?
For mild damage, the skin barrier may begin improving within a few weeks when you use a gentle skincare routine and avoid irritating products. More significant barrier damage or underlying skin conditions may take longer and benefit from professional treatment.
What ingredients help repair the skin barrier?
Dermatologists often recommend products containing ceramides, hyaluronic acid, glycerin, niacinamide, and fatty acids. These ingredients help replenish moisture, restore lipids, and support the skin’s natural protective function.
Can using too many skincare products damage my skin barrier?
Yes. Overusing exfoliants, retinoids, AHAs, BHAs, or harsh cleansers can weaken the skin barrier and lead to irritation. Introducing new products gradually and maintaining a simple, consistent routine can help keep your skin healthy.
What You Need to Know About Basal Cell Carcinoma and Why Early Detection and Treatment Matter
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer.
When detected early, basal cell carcinoma is highly treatable and rarely spreads to other parts of the body; however, early detection is just as important as with any cancer, and basal cell carcinoma requires treatment to remove the affected skin cells and prevent continuing growth.
How can you ensure early diagnosis and effective treatment? In this month’s Derm Deep Dive, we explain everything you need to know about this common skin cancer.
What is Basal Cell Carcinoma?
Basal cell carcinoma develops in the basal cells, which are in the lowest layer of the skin’s outer layer. These cells continuously produce new skin cells to replace those that naturally shed.
Most basal cell carcinomas develop after years of cumulative exposure to UV rays from the sun or indoor tanning, but the good news is that it rarely spreads to other organs. However, it will continue to grow if left untreated and can invade nearby skin, muscle, cartilage, and even bone, making early diagnosis critical.
Basal cell carcinoma is often mistaken for a pimple, scar, or minor skin irritation, but if you observe any of the following symptoms, you should visit your board-certified dermatologist right away:
A pearly or shiny bump that is pink, translucent, or flesh-colored
A flat, scaly patch that’s well-defined and pink to red in color
A waxy, scar-like area with poorly-defined edges
A sore that repeatedly bleeds, scabs over, and bleeds again
A pink-colored growth with raised edges and a depressed center
Small, visible blood vessels on or around a skin lesion
You also want to be aware of any new or changing growths on your skin, lesions that itch or become tender, or sores that don’t heal within a few weeks.
Basal cell carcinoma can develop anywhere on the body, including areas not typically exposed to the sun. It most often appears on the face, ears, scalp, neck, shoulders, chest, upper back, or the arms and hands.
Anyone at any age can develop basal cell carcinoma, but certain factors increase your risk:
Having fair, light-colored eyes, or blonde or red hair
A history of frequent sunburns
Long-term sun exposure
Use of indoor tanning beds
A personal or family history of skin cancer
A weakened immune system
Having inherited genetic conditions that increase the risk of skin cancer
Additionally, anyone age 50 or older is at greater risk of developing skin cancer because of cumulative sun exposure combined with the skin’s natural aging process, which weakens its local immune response and ability to repair cellular DNA damage.
Even individuals with a darker skin tone are at risk of developing basal cell carcinoma, although it occurs less frequently.
Why Early Detection of Basal Cell Carcinoma Matters
Early detection of skin cancer is critical, and being familiar with your skin is the best way to notice changes early.
Schedule a skin evaluation if you notice any of the following:
A new growth on your skin you’ve never noticed before
A spot that has changed in size, color, shape, or texture
A sore that hasn’t healed after several weeks
A lesion that repeatedly bleeds or forms a scab
A spot that disappears and then returns
Basal cell carcinoma is highly treatable when detected early. Delaying treatment and ignoring a concerning spot hoping it will just “go away” can allow a skin cancer to grow deeper into the skin’s tissue.
Early diagnosis can lead to smaller or less invasive treatments, better cosmetic outcomes, less tissue damage, lower risk of recurrence, and faster recovery.
If you’re unsure whether a spot on your skin is cause for concern, it’s always best to visit your dermatologist for an official diagnosis. Routine skin exams are also a great way to ensure fast, effective diagnosis of suspicious skin lesions and early detection of skin cancer.
Treatment Options for Basal Cell Carcinoma
Mohs Micrographic Surgery: Mohs is a specialized treatment that removes the affected skin layer by layer, examining each under a microscope until no cancer cells are detected. Mohs is ideal for cosmetically sensitive areas, such as the face, eyelids, ears, lips, or nose. Mohs can provide the highest cure rates while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible.
Topical Medications: Certain superficial basal cell carcinomas may be treated with prescription topical medications that stimulate the immune system or destroy abnormal cells without surgery.
Curettage and Electrodesiccation: This procedure is often used for smaller, low-risk basal cell carcinomas, and involves gently scraping away the cancerous tissue with a specialized tool called a curette. Then, an electrical current is applied to destroy any remaining cancer cells.
Excisional Surgery: Excisional surgery clears cancerous cells by cutting out the affected area of skin and removing some surrounding skin. It can be used to treat both non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers.
Consistent sun protection, along with regular skin checks and overall awareness, can help with early detection and prevention of basal cell carcinoma.
Healthy sun protection habits you can start right now include:
Wearing UPF-rated clothing
Limiting your sun exposure between 10am and 4pm when the sun’s rays are the strongest
Applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher every day, even on cloudy days
Reapplying sunscreen every two hours and immediately after swimming or excessive sweating
Staying away from indoor tanning bed use
Performing monthly skin self-exams and scheduling annual professional skin exams with your board-certified dermatologist
Like any cancer, early detection and prevention are key. At Optima Dermatology, our dermatologists are experts in skin cancer and will help you set up regular skin checks so you can stay on top of your skin health.
Frequently Asked Questions About Basal Cell Carcinoma
What are the early signs of basal cell carcinoma?
Early basal cell carcinoma often appears as a shiny bump, a persistent sore that won’t heal, a pink patch, or a spot that repeatedly bleeds and scabs. Any new or changing lesion should be evaluated by a dermatologist.
Is basal cell carcinoma dangerous?
Basal cell carcinoma rarely spreads to other parts of the body, but it can continue growing into surrounding tissue if left untreated. Early treatment helps prevent more extensive surgery and tissue damage.
Can basal cell carcinoma go away on its own?
No. Basal cell carcinoma does not typically resolve without treatment. While it may seem to improve temporarily, it often continues to grow beneath the surface of the skin.
What is the best treatment for basal cell carcinoma?
The best treatment depends on the tumor’s size, location, and subtype. Options include surgical excision, Mohs surgery, topical medications, and curettage with electrodesiccation. Your dermatologist will recommend the most appropriate treatment for your individual case.
When should I see a dermatologist about a suspicious spot?
You should schedule an evaluation if you notice a new or changing growth, a sore that hasn’t healed within two to three weeks, or a spot that repeatedly bleeds, scabs, or returns. Early evaluation leads to earlier treatment and the best outcomes.
Dr. Tiffany Wu is Treating Patients at Two Cleveland Practices
Patients in the Macedonia and Rocky River Area Can Now See Tiffany Wu, MD For Expert Dermatology Care
Board-certified dermatologist Dr. Tiffany Wu has joined Optima Dermatology’s Macedonia and Rocky River, OH practices, expanding patient access to treatments for a variety of skin conditions including acne, eczema, psoriasis, skin cancer, and more.
Dr. Wu completed her residency in dermatology at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation and was selected to serve as Chief Resident during her final year of training. She gained valuable experience during an additional year performing dermatology clinical trials at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, where she evaluated emerging therapies in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, acne, and dermatomyositis.
She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California, Berkeley, and her Doctor of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. During an additional year of medical school, she attended Stanford University to study translational research, examining datasets of patients with dermatomyositis, pachyonychia congenita, and Gorlin syndrome to bridge basic science and clinical application in dermatology.
She has been featured in numerous dermatology-focused medical publications and readily takes on community service and leadership roles.
Dedicated Dermatology Care Rooted in Experience and Passion
Dr. Wu is excited to deliver personalized and comprehensive dermatology care to patients in the Macedonia and Rocky River areas. She provides a comfortable patient experience and customized treatments for even the most complex skin issues.
Optima Dermatology’s mission is to treat every patient how we would treat our friends and family, and Dr. Wu embodies this commitment in every patient interaction.
We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Dr. Wu, her approach, and the path that led her to become a dermatologist.
What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get therelook like for you?
When I was in college, I worked as a scribe at a dermatology clinic. This was my first exposure to the field, and I was inspired by the wide variety of conditions dermatologists treat, as well as the long-term relationships they build with their patients. That early experience sparked my interest in dermatology and led me to pursue additional opportunities throughout my training. During medical school, I dedicated a year to translational dermatology research, where I gained a deeper appreciation for the complexity of skin disease and the field’s collaborative nature. After medical school, I spent another year working in dermatology clinical trials, bringing promising new therapies to patients. Looking back, I feel incredibly fortunate to care for patients in a field that combines science, problem-solving, and compassionate care with helping patients feel healthier and more confident in their skin.
What is your favorite aspect of being a dermatologist?
I love being able to help patients achieve healthier skin and greater confidence. Skin conditions often impact more than appearance, such as self-esteem and overall quality of life, and can cause physical discomfort such as itching. I enjoy partnering with each patient to develop a personalized treatment plan and seeing the positive change healthier skin can make in their lives.
What is your approach to treating your patients?
I believe the best care starts with listening. My approach is centered on building a partnership with each patient and taking the time to ensure patients feel empowered to share their concerns, ask questions, and participate in decisions about their care.
What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin?
Sun protection! In addition to reducing skin cancer risk, daily sun protection is important in preventing premature skin aging.
What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?
I want my patients to know that we are partners in your healthcare! My goal is to provide compassionate, individualized care so every patient feels heard, supported, and confident.
What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?
Outside of the office, I enjoy lifting weights, doing yoga, and taking aerial classes. I also enjoy exploring local cafes and new restaurants.
What to Expect From Dr. Wu and Her Team
Patients visiting Dr. Wu and her team at Optima Dermatology’s Macedonia and Rocky River practices will receive quality care backed by advanced training and experience.
Dr. Wu is currently accepting new patients at our Macedonia and Rocky River, OH locations. To schedule an appointment at our Macedonia practice, call 330-306-9844 or visit https://s.odoro.com/optimaderm/. To schedule at our Rocky River practice, call 234-702-1244 or visit https://s.odoro.com/optimaderm/
6 Dermatologist-Approved Tips for Protecting Your Skin During Outdoor Activities
Outdoor sports often mean spending prolonged periods under the sun’s rays, and even if you apply sunscreen at the start of your golf or soccer game, sweat, friction, and dehydration can decrease its effectiveness long before you head inside.
Good sun protection during outdoor sports requires some planning and attention during activity, but it’s essential for reducing the risk of sunburn, premature aging, and skin cancer.
In this post, our dermatologists offer recommendations to help you be skin smart this summer when heading outdoors for any activity.
Sweat, Friction, and Hydration: The Sun Protection Trifecta for Outdoor Sports
Most outdoor sports require significant time under the sun during peak UV hours. For example:
Cyclists and long-distance runners might be outside for well over 2 hours
Golf, pickleball, soccer, baseball, or basketball games can keep players in the sun for 2-4 hours
Going hiking can take a few hours or be a full-day outdoor activity
All that moving around in the sun causes sweat, friction, and dehydration, all of which can make sunscreen less effective. To keep your sunscreen working to protect your skin, follow these tips:
1. Opt for a Sunscreen Designed for Sports
Not all sunscreens hold up to the sweat and friction created when playing sports. Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF 30 or higher that protects against UVA and UVB rays – and make sure it uses a sweat- and water-resistant formula.
2.Consider Your Eyes When Considering Sun Protection
Ever felt the burn as sweat carries sunscreen into your eyes? Sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are less likely to sting and are ideal for athletes who sweat during activity.
Additionally, your eyes can be damaged by the sun as well, and UV exposure has been associated with the development of some eye conditions and rare cancers, such as ocular melanoma.
Wear sunglasses that block 100% of UVA and UVB rays, and try to make it a habit to wear sunglasses for all outdoor activities, including driving.
3. Reapply Sunscreen Often for Game-Lasting Protection
Applying once before your sport won’t protect your skin the entire time. Just like at the beach, it’s important to reapply every two hours during outdoor activity and reapply more frequently if you are sweating, pouring water on yourself, or toweling off frequently.
4. Focus Sunscreen on Higher-Risk Areas of the Body
All skin needs sun protection during outdoor sports, but some areas of the body are at higher risk than others. These include:
Ears: Short hair or ponytails leave ears exposed, and they are often forgotten while applying sunscreen to the face.
Scalp and part line: Spray sunscreens are best for ensuring your scalp and part line are protected. An SPF hat is also a good option to protect the top of your head.
Back of the neck: With short hair or ponytails, the back of the neck is also exposed and often neglected during sunscreen application.
The tops of your hands and feet: When applying sunscreen to your arms and legs, go the extra mile and cover the tops of your hands and feet as well.
Lips: The lips are also skin and will burn! Pack an SPF 30+ lip balm and apply often to keep your lips protected.
5. Wear UPF Clothing During Outdoor Sports
When possible, choose UPF clothing to add extra protection from the sun. There are a variety of UPF-labeled garments like long-sleeve athletic shirts, lightweight hoodies, hats and visors, and athletic shorts and pants that function well during activity and do double-duty with sun protection.
6. Stay Hydrated to Support Skin Health and the Skin Barrier
While proper hydration doesn’t prevent sunburn, it will support the skin barrier, which helps the skin retain moisture and stay protected from environmental stressors like the sun.
Because outdoor sports increase fluid loss, bring enough water and drink it frequently to prevent dehydration.
When to See a Dermatologist About a Skin Smart Summer Sports Plan
For athletes and outdoor enthusiasts, repeated sun exposure during sports can increase the risk of sunburn, precancerous spots, premature aging, or skin cancer.
If you spend a lot of time outdoors or have experienced sunburns in the past following sports or other outdoor activities, it’s a good idea to visit your dermatologist for a skin check and to discuss best practices for sun protection. An appointment like this can help you in three crucial ways:
A skin check will identify any concerning areas on your skin that should be tested for skin cancer or require more sun protection.
You can discuss your specific summer activities and a suncare regimen that will best protect you every day.
Your dermatologist can recommend the best products for effective sun protection for your specific skin type.
Outdoor activities are a great way to take advantage of summer, but proper sun protection makes them more enjoyable and safer! Schedule an appointment today with one of our dermatologists.
FAQs About Sun Protection During Outdoor Sports
How often should athletes reapply sunscreen?
Dermatologists recommend reapplying broad-spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen every 2 hours, or more frequently if you are sweating heavily, toweling off, or swimming.
Is mineral sunscreen better for sports?
Mineral sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are often preferred by athletes because they are less likely to run into the eyes and cause stinging or burning during heavy sweating.
What body areas are most commonly missed when applying sunscreen?
The ears, scalp or part line, back of the neck, tops of the hands, tops of the feet, and lips are among the most frequently missed and most vulnerable areas.
Can sunburn affect athletic performance?
Yes. Sunburn causes inflammation, pain, heat retention, and discomfort, which can interfere with training, recovery, sleep, and overall performance.
Does hydration help protect the skin during outdoor sports?
While hydration does not prevent sunburn, it helps support skin barrier function and can reduce the negative effects of dehydration caused by prolonged sun exposure and physical activity.
Derm Deep Dive: The Best Products and Treatments for Hair Loss
How to Get the Most from a Hair Regrowth Plan
When you’re dealing with hair loss, it can feel overwhelming and frustrating to navigate a sea of shampoos, serums, and supplements that all promise to add thickness and volume.
Social media is also full of trends and products that claim to be the “best” treatments for hair loss. While it can be tempting to jump on those, many products and treatments don’t perform the way they promise.
In this month’s Derm Deep Dive, we’re recognizing Hair Loss Awareness Month with expert advice from our team.
Tackling hair loss or hair thinning doesn’t start with a treatment – it starts with a question. Why is it happening?
Before Treating Hair Loss, Identify the Root Cause
Hair loss or hair thinning can be caused by a number of factors:
Hormones
Genetics
Nutritional deficiencies
Autoimmune conditions
Medication side-effects
Anxiety or stress
An underlying medical issue
No single treatment will work for everyone, but dermatologists are experts in diagnosing hair loss and identifying a best-approach treatment based on the root cause.
Although the term “hair loss” is often tossed around as a diagnosis (i.e. “they suffer from hair loss”), it’s actually a symptom, because the body sheds hair when there is an underlying cause.
That’s why treatment for hair loss caused by nutritional deficiencies or medical conditions like thyroid disorder is different from treatment for androgenetic alopecia, (more commonly referred to as male pattern baldness and female pattern hair loss).
In some cases, hair loss is temporary. Hair will typically regrow on its own if it is a symptom of these conditions or situations:
Postpartum hair loss
Recovery from a major surgery or illness
Rapid weight loss or losing 20 pounds or more
Scalp psoriasis treatment
Alopecia areata, which causes the immune system to attack hair follicles
While hair may regrow as these conditions and situations resolve, it can take time and often requires a targeted, consistent treatment plan, or lifestyle changes.
What Over-the-Counter Hair Loss Treatments Would My Dermatologist Recommend?
Numerous over-the-counter hair loss treatments can reduce hair loss or add volume to thinning hair, but the right one depends on the right diagnosis and hair restoration plan and should have clinical evidence backing it up.
Here are a few OTC hair loss products your dermatologist may recommend:
Minoxidil (Rogaine)
A widely-known and used treatment, minoxidil is a well-studied and FDA-approved topical for male pattern baldness and female pattern hair loss. It is available over-the-counter without a prescription, and is offered in both liquid/shampoo and foam formulations; as of recent years, an oral option has become popular. Minoxidil is designed to increase blood flow around the hair follicles, stimulating hair growth and preventing further hair loss. However, it is most effective when used in combination with another hair loss treatment, and it can take up to a year to see results.
Oral Hair Growth Supplements
There are many oral supplements out there claiming to help with hair loss. But their specific blends and individual clinical studies matter a lot when deciding which to use for your specific hair loss treatment plan.
Our team often recommends Nutrafol®, which offers a blend of vitamins, minerals, botanical ingredients, and adaptogens that support healthy hair growth for a variety of hair loss and hair thinning issues. For example, Nutrafol has a postpartum formula to encourage hair regrowth following birth.
Specific formulations in nutraceuticals can improve hair density and reduce hair loss but recommend dermatologists guide patients through nutraceutical use to ensure optimal results. Additionally, if there is an underlying medical condition causing your hair loss, a supplement is unlikely to help.
What Are Some In-Office Hair Loss Treatments I Could Try?
After consulting with your dermatologist, it may be necessary to try an in-office treatment for your specific type of hair loss. There are several options that could be offered to you.
Microneedling in Combination with Minoxidil
For best results, microneedling is recommended as a complement to topical hair growth treatments like minoxidil. Microneedling applies tiny, controlled needles to the scalp, creating microscopic channels and stimulating the body’s natural healing response, which can enhance the absorption of minoxidil or other topicals.
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)
A platelet-rich plasma treatment involves drawing a small amount of your own blood and processing it in a machine that separates it into parts. The plasma from your blood is then injected into areas of hair loss or thinning to stimulate the hair follicles and encourage regrowth.
Prescription Medications
Whether prescribed in combination with a topical like minoxidil or as a single treatment option, prescription hair loss medications can be effective for hair restoration. Depending on your underlying diagnosis, these prescriptions can include:
Topical medications
Oral medications
Anti-inflammatories for certain types of alopecia
Treatments for hormonal causes of hair loss
Your dermatologist will evaluate your age, medical history, hair loss pattern, and overall health before recommending a prescription treatment.
A Personalized Hair Loss Treatment Plan Works Best
Effectively treating hair loss or hair thinning relies on a personalized plan because the underlying diagnoses are different for everyone. Even though you can do a quick online search and find thousands of products claiming to reverse hair loss, these solutions rarely target the underlying cause and many lack the clinical evidence to back their effectiveness.
If you do search for treatments online, here are some claims to be cautious of:
Results that are “fast”, “instant”, or “permanent”
Guaranteed hair regrowth
“Miracle” or “amazing” ingredients
Products that are not backed by clinical studies or published research
The old rule of thumb applies here: if it sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
Conversely, your dermatologist will provide a personalized approach that typically combines more than one therapy. Based on your diagnosis, your tailored treatment plan may include:
A medical evaluation to diagnose the underlying cause
Prescription medications
Over-the-counter topical treatments
Nutritional guidance
PRP therapy
Microneedling
Ongoing follow-ups to monitor progress and ensure effectiveness
What to Expect from Any Hair Regrowth Treatment
It’s important to remember that hair grows slowly, and any effective treatment is going to take time. That’s why claims of “immediate results” are disingenuous.
Whether you’ve experienced hair loss or hair thinning for a long period of time or are trying to treat a recent issue, your dermatologist can work with you to develop a customized plan and realistic expectations that can create long-term results.
Hair loss or hair thinning can affect your confidence and impact your day-to-day life. Our goal at Optima Dermatology is to recommend and administer treatments that are backed by our expertise and by science.
If you’re concerned about hair loss or hair thinning, schedule an appointment today with one of our expert providers.
Frequently Asked Questions About Hair Loss and Hair Thinning
What is the most effective treatment for hair loss?
The best treatment depends on the cause of your hair loss. Options may include topical or oral medications, nutritional supplements, PRP or PRF therapy, microneedling, or a combination of treatments. A dermatology evaluation is the best way to determine which approach is right for you.
Do over-the-counter hair growth products really work?
Some do. FDA-approved topical minoxidil has strong evidence supporting its use for pattern hair loss. Certain supplements, such as Nutrafol, may benefit selected patients, but many products marketed for hair growth have limited scientific support.
How long does it take to see results from hair loss treatment?
Most evidence-based treatments require consistent use for three to six months before noticeable improvement occurs. Hair restoration is gradual, and ongoing treatment is often needed to maintain results.
What is the difference between PRP and PRF for hair loss?
Both treatments use components of your own blood to stimulate hair follicles. PRF contains a higher concentration of platelets and fibrin and releases growth factors over a longer period, while PRP has been studied more extensively. Your provider can recommend which option may be appropriate for your specific condition.
When should I see a dermatologist about hair loss?
You should schedule an evaluation if you notice sudden hair loss, excessive shedding, patchy bald spots, scalp irritation, or gradual thinning that continues to worsen. Early diagnosis often leads to more successful treatment outcomes.
Understanding Rosacea: Symptoms, Triggers, and Treatment Options
Rosacea is a common, chronic inflammatory skin condition that primarily affects the central face. While it cannot be permanently cured, it can be effectively managed with the right skincare routine, lifestyle modifications, prescription medications, and, when appropriate, laser treatments.
If you’ve noticed persistent facial redness, frequent flushing, or acne-like breakouts that don’t respond to traditional acne treatments, rosacea may be the cause.
What Is Rosacea?
Rosacea most commonly affects adults over the age of 30 and typically develops gradually. It often follows a pattern of flare-ups and periods of improvement, making consistent treatment and skincare especially important.
Common signs and symptoms include:
Persistent redness of the cheeks, nose, chin, or forehead
Episodes of flushing
Visible blood vessels (telangiectasias)
Acne-like bumps and pustules
Skin sensitivity, dryness, burning, or stinging
Thickening of the skin, particularly around the nose in more advanced cases
Eye irritation or redness (ocular rosacea)
Because Rosacea symptoms can vary from person to person, an individualized treatment plan is often the most effective approach.
Build a Gentle Skincare Routine
One of the most important steps in managing rosacea is protecting the skin barrier. Gentle, fragrance-free skincare can help reduce irritation and minimize flares.
When choosing skincare products, look for formulas with minimal ingredients and avoid products containing fragrances, essential oils, botanicals, or plant extracts, which can be irritating to sensitive skin. See below for Dr. Cowdrey’s product recommendations for Rosacea prone skin.
Gentle Cleansers
We recommend:
CeraVe Hydrating Cleanser
Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser (avoid the original Cetaphil Cleanser, which has fragrance in it)
Moisturizers
A good moisturizer helps strengthen the skin barrier and reduces dryness and irritation.
Recommended options include:
Aveeno Eczema Therapy Cream
CeraVe Moisturizing Cream
Vanicream Moisturizing Cream
Daily Sunscreen
Sun exposure is one of the most common rosacea triggers, making sunscreen an essential part of your daily routine.
Mineral sunscreens are generally better tolerated by sensitive skin.
Recommended options include:
Vanicream SPF 30 with Ceramides
EltaMD UV Physical (lightly tinted)
Native Unscented Mineral Sunscreen (be sure to choose the fragrance-free version)
Products to Avoid
Certain skincare products and cleansing tools can worsen rosacea by disrupting the skin barrier.
Avoid:
Harsh exfoliating scrubs
Cleansing brushes
Loofahs
Washcloths
Sponges
Some soaps can also be excessively drying and irritating. We recommend avoiding:
Irish Spring
Ivory
Caress
Coast
Old Spice
Bath & Body Works soaps
Zest
Dial
Lever 2000
Tone
Axe
Safeguard
Lush
Native scented soaps
Prescription Treatment Options
While a gentle skincare routine forms the foundation of rosacea management, many patients also benefit from prescription treatments.
Depending on your symptoms, treatment may include:
Prescription topical medications to reduce inflammation
Oral medications for moderate to severe rosacea
Combination therapy for improved symptom control
Your dermatologist will recommend a treatment plan based on the type and severity of your rosacea.
Treating Persistent Redness and Visible Blood Vessels
Although prescription medications can help reduce inflammation and acne-like bumps, they often do not fully treat persistent redness or visible blood vessels.
Laser and light-based treatments target the underlying blood vessels responsible for redness and can significantly improve your skin’s appearance.
Common treatment options include:
Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL or Vbeam®)
The Pulsed Dye Laser selectively targets visible blood vessels, reducing redness and flushing while preserving the surrounding skin.
IPL (Intense Pulsed Light) and BBL (BroadBand Light)
IPL and BBL treatments use broad-spectrum light energy to minimize redness, improve uneven skin tone, and reduce visible facial blood vessels.
Most patients require a series of treatments to achieve optimal results, and occasional maintenance treatments may be recommended to help keep rosacea under control.
Living Well with Rosacea
Although rosacea is a lifelong condition, it doesn’t have to control your life. With consistent skincare, trigger avoidance, medical treatment, and advanced laser therapies when needed, most patients can achieve significant improvement in both symptoms and skin appearance.
If you’re experiencing persistent facial redness, flushing, or sensitive skin, schedule an evaluation with a board-certified dermatologist. Early diagnosis and personalized treatment can help prevent progression and keep your skin looking and feeling its best.
Razor Burn, Ingrown Hairs, and Summer Skin Irritation (Oh My!)
How to Prevent These Common Warm-Weather Skin Issues
For most, getting outdoors in warm weather typically means more skin exposure, which can also mean more frequent shaving and hair removal, and a greater chance of developing some kind of summer skin irritation.
If you’ve ever shaved your legs and headed right into the ocean, you know how quickly razor burn can put a damper on a rain-free summer day. Similarly, you may have suffered chafing or skin “burns” from the combination of sweat and friction caused by repeated movement in the heat.
Other issues, like ingrown hairs, which are typically caused by increased shaving and exposure to heat, sweat, and humidity, are also common in the summer but can be uncomfortable or even lead to infection or discoloration if left untreated.
Don’t worry, we’re not trying to bring down your summer mood. These types of skin irritations are easily preventable if you know what to do, and this article explains how you can be skin smart this summer before you leave the house.
Summer Skin Irritation Risk #1: Razor Burn
Razor burn is a common but often painful skin irritation that develops after shaving. It typically manifests as a red, blotchy rash across the shaved area and may cause:
Burning or stinging, especially when brought into contact with salt water
Itchiness
Skin sensitivity or tenderness
Razor burn has nothing to do with the hairs themselves and is exclusively skin irritation. Symptoms often appear right after shaving and typically don’t last more than a few hours or days.
Razor Burn Prevention:
Avoid dry shaving. Make sure skin is moist, using either water or shaving cream.
Replace old razors as dull blades can irritate the skin.
Shave “with the grain” – shaving against the direction of your hair growth is not only uncomfortable but will likely cause razor burn right away.
Shave an area and move on. Repeatedly shaving the same area can lead to irritation.
Use a fragrance-free, non-comedogenic moisturizer on your skin after shaving.
If you do develop razor burn, apply a cold compress, emollients like after-shave or moisturizer, aloe vera, or home remedies such as an oatmeal bath.
Summer Skin Irritation Risk #2: Ingrown Hairs
Ingrown hairs are another potential side effect of shaving, tweezing, or waxing. As a shaven hair begins to grow back, it grows sideways or curls backward into the skin rather than growing straight up.
Because a hair is trying to re-enter the skin, the body treats it as a foreign object, resulting in inflammation and irritation.
Ingrown hairs can happen any time but are more likely in the summer with increased shaving frequency. Symptoms to look out for include:
Tiny, swollen bumps where you shave, tweeze, or wax
Small bumps that look like blisters, and can sometimes become filled with pus
Small bumps that are darker than the surrounding skin (hyperpigmentation)
Burning, stinging, or itching
Hair that is noticeably in the shape of a loop as the tip of the hair curves and grows into the skin
It’s important to see a dermatologist if your symptoms don’t go away, as untreated ingrown hairs can become infected or cause scarring from frequent itching and improper healing.
Ingrown hairs are preventable by following shaving best practices and keeping skin moisturized. For facial shaving, we recommend rinsing the blade after each stroke, washing skin after the shave, and applying a soothing after-shave product or glycolic acid lotion for exfoliation. A benzoyl peroxide 2.5-5% wash may also help prevent ingrown hairs. Because it can be drying or irritating for some people, start by using it every other day, and then increase gradually to daily if your skin tolerates it well. Our team also recommends using an electric razor over a manual razor so you can keep the hair length at a few millimeters – which reduces follicular penetration.
Summer Skin Irritation Risk #3: Heat Rash
Freshly shaven skin is certainly more susceptible to irritation during the summer, but the heat and humidity of summer can cause issues with the skin all on its own.
Heat rash occurs when sweat becomes trapped in the skin, and most commonly manifests within skin folds, such as the armpits, groin, and elbow creases, or where clothing rubs against the skin.
Symptoms can include:
Tiny, fluid-filled bumps that break easily (mildest form)
Blister-like bumps that itch or irritate the surrounding skin
Pus-filled inflamed bumps
Firm, painful bumps that can break open (less common form)
Heat rash usually only lasts until the skin cools down or the area of friction has been removed. It can recur with each new exposure, so it’s important to take precautions for your skin, such as:
Avoiding increased movement or activity in direct sunlight or during the hottest times of the day
Sleeping in a cool, well-ventilated area
Using non-comedogenic creams or lotions
Seeking shade or using a cooling compress if you begin to sweat and feel skin irritation
When to See Your Dermatologist
Being skin smart not only means taking steps to prevent skin irritations in the summer but knowing when it’s time to see your dermatologist for a skin issue.
Razor burn, ingrown hairs, and heat rash are common, but that doesn’t mean you have to accept them as part of your summer plans. Refer to these quick tips for prevention:
Give your skin time to heal after shaving before heading outside or into the water
Use good shaving techniques to prevent irritation
Apply moisturizers to prevent or soothe irritation
If you have persistent, worsening, or confusing symptoms, see your dermatologist right away.
Contact Optima Dermatology to schedule an appointment. Our expert team will provide a diagnosis and offer effective treatment options so you can get back to enjoying your summer.
Frequently Asked Questions About Summer Skin Irritations
Why do I get ingrown hairs more often in the summer?
Summer often involves more frequent shaving, increased sweating, and tighter-fitting clothing such as swimsuits and athletic wear. These factors can increase friction and irritation around hair follicles, making ingrown hairs more likely.
What’s the difference between razor burn and razor bumps?
Razor burn is a skin irritation that appears as redness, burning, or itching after shaving and occurs because of the mechanical trauma of the blade on the skin. Razor bumps typically develop 24–48 hours after shaving, when the hair begins to regrow and curls back into the skin instead of growing outward.
Can exfoliating prevent ingrown hairs?
Yes. Gentle exfoliation can help remove dead skin cells that may trap hairs beneath the surface. Regular exfoliation may reduce the likelihood of developing ingrown hairs.
Should I stop shaving if I have razor burn?
If possible, allowing the skin to rest and heal before shaving again can help reduce inflammation and prevent worsening irritation.
When should I see a dermatologist for ingrown hairs?
You should see a dermatologist if ingrown hairs are painful, recurrent, becoming infected, causing skin discoloration, or leaving scars. A dermatologist can recommend treatments to help prevent future outbreaks.
Derm Deep Dive: Sun, Saltwater & Chlorine Tips for This Summer
Protecting Your Hair and Scalp This Summer at the Pool, Beach, and Under the Sun
We’re back with another Derm Deep Dive, where we provide expert advice from our board-certified dermatologists about common skin conditions or treatments.
Using sunscreen daily, especially in the summer is widespread advice for protecting the skin from UV rays. But your skin isn’t the only thing that needs protection in the summer.
The sun, chlorine, and saltwater can do a number on your hair and scalp, but we often don’t consider proper protection before or after spending time at the pool or on the beach.
To help you prepare, and to alleviate any unexpected challenges this summer, we have 4 tips for taking care of your hair and scalp that will leave you sun and fun ready.
1. The Sun & Your Scalp: Use an SPF on Your Part Line
One of the easiest places to get a sunburn is your scalp. It’s also one of the easiest places to protect by applying an SPF directly to your part line and hairline, or wearing a wide-brimmed or UPF-rated hat.
Even individuals with thick hair are susceptible to UV rays, which can carry multiple risks:
Skin cancer from repeated UV exposure
Sun damage and severe sunburn
Drying out the scalp and causing flakiness or irritation
Not a fan of putting sunscreen on your scalp? Consider trying a broad-spectrum powder sunscreen, scalp spray, or lightweight mist, all of which are easy to use and won’t leave the hair feeling or looking greasy. Choose an SPF 30 or higher and remember to reapply every two hours if you’re swimming or sweating heavily.
2. The Sun & Your Hair: Use a Heat Protectant Before Heading Outside
While heat protectants are helpful as styling products for blow drying, straightening, or curling hair, they can also help minimize damage from prolonged UV exposure. Some leave-in conditioners and heat protectants contain ingredients that help coat the hair shaft, lock in moisture, and prevent color fade from the sun’s rays.
Armor your hair with a lightweight leave-in conditioner or UV-protectant spray. These products can also reduce dryness, breakage, or frizziness caused by the sun.
3. Saltwater & Your Hair: Rinse With Clean Water Before Jumping In
Wet hair absorbs less saltwater than dry hair, so if you can, rinse with clean water before dunking in the ocean. Even better – rinse again as soon as possible after swimming and use a hydrating conditioner or hair mask to restore moisture.
If you swim in saltwater a lot and want a summer-long solution for the effects of saltwater on your hair and scalp, try these tips:
Use sulfate-free shampoos to cleanse hair without stripping its natural moisture
Apply leave-in conditioner before swimming, which creates a hydrophobic barrier around the hair shaft
Limit excessive heat styling right after beach days to prevent additional damage
Use moisturizing scalp treatments if irritation develops
You may experience softer hair or “beachy waves” after swimming in the ocean, but saltwater can also suck moisture out of your hair, leaving strands feeling brittle or more susceptible to damage. It can also lighten color-treated hair and increase photosensitivity, which can cause breakage.
4. Chlorine & Your Hair: Wear a Swim Cap When Possible
Chlorine is a chemical designed to kill bacteria and keep pools safe for swimming, but when it’s absorbed by hair, it can strip away natural oils, leaving hair feeling dry, brittle, and more prone to breakage.
Frequent chlorine exposure can also affect hair color, and blonde hair is particularly vulnerable because chlorine can react with metals like copper in pool water, sometimes causing lighter hair to develop a greenish tint. Color-treated hair may also fade faster with repeated exposure.
The best option for protecting your hair from chlorine is to wear a swim cap, but you can also follow these tips to reduce chlorine absorption:
Wet your hair with fresh water before entering the pool
Apply a leave-in conditioner or protective hair oil before entering the pool
Shampoo and condition with hydrating products as soon as possible after swimming
Clarifying shampoos are popular for removing chlorine buildup but should be used only when necessary; overuse can further dry out the hair.
Signs of Sun Damage and the Risks of Skin Cancer
The scalp is one of the most overlooked areas for sun protection, especially for people with thinning hair, wider parts, or hairstyles that expose the scalp. Repeated UV exposure increases the risk of developing skin cancer or sun damage.
It’s never too late to start protecting your scalp from UV rays, but it’s also important to be aware of the signs of sun damage, as chronic sun damage can contribute to precancerous lesions and skin cancers over time.
Watch for:
Scalp tenderness or redness
Peeling along the part line
Increased scalp dryness or flaking
Brittle or rough hair texture that doesn’t return to normal
Faded hair color
Increased breakage or split ends
If you notice persistent rough patches, sores that don’t heal, or scalp irritation, schedule an appointment with your board-certified dermatologist for a full evaluation.
Healthy Hair and Scalp, Happy Summer!
You don’t have to avoid the outdoors or going for a refreshing swim in the ocean or pool. With the right protection, you can enjoy the summer while maintaining your healthy hair and scalp – and staying safe from sun damage.
Treat your scalp with the same care you give the rest of your skin. If you experience any hair or scalp challenges during the summer, especially flaky skin or increased hair damage, get an expert opinion from your dermatologist.
Schedule an appointment with our team if you’d like some extra help preparing for or managing your summer hair and skin health.
FAQs About Protecting Your Hair and Scalp from Sun, Saltwater, and Chlorine
Should I put sunscreen on my scalp?
Yes. The scalp is highly susceptible to sunburn and UV damage, especially along the hair part, hairline, or thinning areas. Dermatologists recommend using broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher on exposed scalp areas.
Does chlorine permanently damage hair?
Chlorine does not usually cause permanent damage after occasional exposure, but repeated exposure can dry out the hair shaft, weaken hair, strip natural oils, and contribute to breakage or color fading over time.
Why does blonde hair turn green in pools?
The green tint often comes from copper and other metals in pool water reacting with chlorine and binding to the hair shaft. Blonde and lighter-colored hair tends to show the discoloration more visibly.
Is saltwater bad for your scalp?
Saltwater can dry out the scalp and worsen irritation or flaking in some individuals. Rinsing with fresh water after swimming and using moisturizing scalp products can help restore hydration.
What is the best way to protect hair from sun damage?
The best approach combines multiple strategies: wearing hats, applying SPF to exposed scalp areas, using UV-protective or heat-protectant hair products, limiting prolonged sun exposure, and restoring moisture after swimming or sun exposure
David Crowe, MD Joins Optima Dermatology’s Macedonia, OH Practice
Patients in Macedonia, OH Will Have Access to Nearly Two Decades of Dermatology Experience
Board-certified dermatologist Dr. David Crowe is joining Optima Dermatology’s Macedonia, OH practice, expanding access for patients to treat skin conditions ranging from skin cancer to psoriasis, with a special clinical interest in autoimmune conditions.
Since 2007, David Crowe, MD, has treated patients 8 years and older for a variety of skin issues, drawing on his lengthy experience in dermatology and medicine.
Dr. Crowe completed his dermatology residency at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center in Ohio after graduating with his Doctor of Medicine from the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, where he was elected to the Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society.
Since his residency, Dr. Crowe has been active in healthcare advancement and advocacy, authoring more than 15 scientific publications. He worked at MetroHealth Systems for 15 years as Department Chairman, was heavily involved in resident education, and twice received the Brian R. Davis Award for Excellence in Resident Education.
He currently holds the rank of Associate Professor at the Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, and is a member of the American Academy of Dermatology, the Ohio Dermatological Association, and the Cleveland Dermatological Society.
Industry-Leading Dermatology Care Without Question
Dr. Crowe is excited to deliver personalized and comprehensive dermatology care to patients in the Macedonia area, especially for complex skin issues that require dedicated treatment plans and an understanding ally.
Dr. Crowe is a perfect fit for the Optima Dermatology culture with his commitment to delivering an unparalleled patient experience and the highest quality of care.
We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Dr. Crowe, his approach, and the path that led him to become a board-certified dermatologist.
What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?
Part of my interest in dermatology began in my teenage years when I suffered from severe hand
eczema, which gave me perspective into how much skin conditions can affect your life. After college and medical school I was fortunate enough to earn a dermatology residency position in Cincinnati. I moved back home to Cleveland in 2011 and have been practicing here ever since.
What is your favorite aspect of being a board-certified dermatologist?
I truly enjoy the challenge and satisfaction of solving a complex medical problem, and
dermatology is filled with unusual challenges and rare conditions. I also get to follow patients over time with yearly skin checks and get to form great relationships with them.
What is your approach to treating your patients?
I try to make a personal connection with every patient that I meet. Sometimes a first visit to a
doctor can make people nervous, especially when dealing with a skin problem. Building trust with patients will make it more likely that we can arrive at a solution to their problem and follow through on it.
What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin?
Don’t expect the world from over-the-counter products. They can be quite costly, often have
many unnecessary ingredients, and may have incorrect claims about how well they work.
What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?
My hands have always been a bit chilly. Warm heart, I promise!
What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?
I spend time with my wife and two children. We love watching movies and spicy food!
What to Expect From Dr. Crowe and His Team
Patients visiting with Dr. Crowe and his team at Optima Dermatology will receive the highest quality care backed by decades of advanced training and experience.
