We’re back with another Derm Deep Dive, a series where we provide expert advice from one of our board-certified dermatologists about a specific topic in skin care. For this edition, we collaborated with board-certified and fellowship-trained Mohs surgeon, Dr. Sherry Yu to offer a guide to moles and spots on skin, detailing what to look for, what they might be, and when to see a dermatologist. 

The Importance of Monitoring Moles and Spots 

Most people have moles, and while they are typically harmless, it’s important to monitor them for any changes in size, shape, or color, as these can sometimes be signs of skin cancer. 

Keeping an eye on your moles and other spots on your skin is an important part of maintaining skin health. For example, if you know you have a small brown mole behind your knee and notice that it changes—perhaps becoming irregular in shape or developing a darker border—it’s a good idea to see a dermatologist. One helpful guideline is the “ugly duckling” rule: if most of your moles are similar in size, shape, and color, and one stands out as different, that’s a sign it should be checked out. 

When it comes to skin cancer, early detection and treatment are critical. The Skin Cancer Foundation recommends getting a full body skin check at least once a year. It’s also important to do skin checks more regularly at home (at least once a month). At-home skin checks ensure that you’re familiar with your own skin and therefore able to notice any changes right away. Knowing what to look for is key, so let’s go over the moles and spots that should catch your attention. 

Moles, Birthmarks, and Spots: Characteristics and Differences 

There are some important but somewhat subtle differences among moles, birthmarks, and spots on the skin.  

Moles:  

Moles are extremely common and are typically noncancerous. They are caused by a group of pigment-producing skin cells, called melanocytes. Moles can vary widely in size, shape, and color. They may be flat or raised, round or oval, and range in color from flesh-toned to dark brown or black, some may even appear multicolored. People typically have a variety of moles on their skin, and while moles are generally harmless, if you notice a mole undergoing a change in its size, shape, or pigmentation, you should have it looked at by a dermatologist to rule out skin cancer.  

Birthmarks:  

Birthmarks are colored areas on the skin that appear shortly after birth and are very similar to moles in how they are formed and how they behave. Common birthmarks fall into two categories. Red or vascular birthmarks such as hemangiomas, congenital dermal melanocytosis spots, and port wine stains. And pigmented birthmarks such as cafe-au-lait spots, salmon patches. 

Like moles, while most birthmarks are harmless, they could carry a small risk of developing into skin cancer. Monitor birth marks in your monthly at-home skin checks and schedule an appointment with your dermatologist if you notice any changes. 

Spots: 

Finally, when we talk about spots, these would be any spots that are not moles or birthmarks, such as sunspots, scars, a newly formed area of discoloration or texture, or a lesion that continuously returns or is not healing. 

Our skin naturally changes over time, but if you notice something new, it’s always wise to get it checked. In many cases, your dermatologist can determine if an area is concerning just by examining it and will perform a biopsy if needed. 

What Makes a Mole or Spot Suspicious? 

Having a lot of moles or birthmarks increases your risk of developing skin cancer, although the risk depends on the size and type of mole or birthmark. Individuals with more than 50 moles, or moles that are unusual in size or shape, are at higher risk of developing melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer.  

Pay attention to the following indicators of potential skin cancer, which apply to moles, birthmarks, and new or existing spots: 

• Moles or birthmarks that seem to have become larger or thicker or have changed in color or texture. If this mole or birthmark becomes larger than a pencil eraser, see your dermatologist right away. 

• A dark spot on your skin that is either new or has changed in size or appearance, similar to what you should look for with a mole or birthmark. 

• Any type of growth on your skin that is new or has changed in size and appearance, especially if it looks transparent or takes on a tan, brown, black, or multi-colored hue. 

• Any spot or sore that hurts, is itchy, bleeding, crusting, or scabbing over and will not heal, or temporarily heals and then returns.  

Sun exposure, family history, and having fair skin, blue eyes, red hair, or freckles also increase the potential of developing melanoma. 

Along with always wearing sunscreen and avoiding tanning beds, at home skin checks and full body skin checks are essential ways to detect skin cancer early.  

Conducting an Effective At-Home Skin Check 

1. Use a full-length mirror in a brightly lit space to examine the front, back, right, and left sides of your body. Raise your arms to view hard-to-see places. 

2. Examine your underarms, forearms, the palms of your hands, and your fingernails.  

3. Look at the soles of your feet, your toenails, the spaces between your toes, and the backs of your feet and legs.  

4. Examine your neck and scalp using a small hand mirror, being sure to part your hair for a better look at different areas of your scalp. 

5. Check your back and buttocks, also using a hand mirror. 

6. Take photos of any spots that are concerning to you so you can show your dermatologist or accurately monitor at home.  

Keep an eye on those moles, birthmarks, and spots! Skin cancer rates are rising each year, and early detection saves lives. Schedule your full-body skin check today with Optima Dermatology by calling (855) 277-9689.

A Guide to Unlocking the Skin’s Potential With Growth Factors for Skin

With a somewhat ambiguous name, it’s no wonder growth factors for skin are often met with confusion or a lack of awareness. Despite being developed in the 50s and undergoing decades of science and study, growth factors have only recently become a sought-after ingredient for their anti-aging properties.

Whether you’ve heard of growth factors or are just delving in, it’s important to understand what you’re buying and how it can benefit your skin.

What Are Growth Factors for Skin?

Growth factors are proteins that occur naturally in the body to help with repairing damaged skin and promoting skin cell growth, and collagen and elastin production. They do a lot for our skin, with one amazing outcome: helping our skin look healthy and rejuvenated.

There are multiple types of growth factors present in the body, and they all have different jobs.

• Epidermal Growth Factors (EGF) help in healing and repairing damaged skin, these are great for post procedure healing or wound healing.
• Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGF) stimulate collagen and elastin production to support and strengthen the skin, these often play a role in anti-aging treatment.
• Platelet-Derived Growth Factors (PDGF) help repair the skin’s tissues when damaged or compromised.
• Transforming Growth Factors (TGF) help maintain collagen levels.
• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGF) support blood flow to the skin, encouraging a healthy, radiant glow.

Like collagen and elastin, growth factors also decrease as we age, resulting in more pronounced fine lines, wrinkles, and sagging skin. People often turn to supplements and topical products to pause or reverse these signs of aging, and growth factors have gained popularity as a treatment that gets results.

How Do They Work?

Because the body already produces growth factors, taking a supplement or applying them topically to the skin is simply replenishing what may be a diminishing supply in your body.

These “artificial” growth factors are typically derived from the proteins produced by animal or human stem cells and are bioengineered specifically for skincare. Growth factors with the same skin repair and rejuvenation functions have also been developed from plant-derived ingredients.

Growth factors stimulate the production of collagen and elastin. In doing so, growth factors can help your skin more quickly and effectively recover from sun or other damage, as well as signs of aging.

Collagen and elastin are essential in keeping the skin strong, tight, smooth, and supported, so as wrinkles and fine lines emerge, growth factors can send signals to your skin to reverse course.

Topical growth factors can help your skin:

• Look brighter, healthier, and rejuvenated
• Become tighter and stronger, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles
• Recover more quickly from sun damage or cosmetic treatments such as lasers or chemical peels
• Turn over and renew skin cells more quickly and efficiently
• Better protect itself from harsh chemicals and environmental stressors by strengthening the skin barrier
• Retain more moisture, staying hydrated for longer

Working Growth Factors into Your Skincare Routine

The most important first step to using growth factors is selecting the right product for your skin type and unique needs. They are available as serums and creams and are applied topically to the skin. You should always consult with your dermatology provider before starting a new skincare product, but growth factors have been found to be safe for all skin types. Some minor side effects can include dry skin or rashes.

Anyone who is interested in reducing fine lines and wrinkles and improving their skin health is a candidate for growth factors. Most people report seeing results within 4-8 weeks of treatment, with full results within 12 weeks. Optimal results rely on continued use past the initial 12 weeks, as results can continue to be seen up to several months after starting treatment.

Some top-rated products recommended by our expert medical aesthetics providers include:

Exosomes

Exosomes are a cutting-edge regenerative treatment that contains growth factors, peptides, and lipids. Exosomes stimulate collagen production, enhance cellular communication, and accelerate healing. They are commonly used to improve skin texture, tone, and elasticity, and to support recovery after aesthetic treatments like microneedling and laser procedures.

Platelet-Rich-Plasma (PRP)

PRP is a natural treatment that utilizes the patient’s own blood to stimulate skin and hair regeneration. After drawing a small amount of blood, it is spun in a centrifuge to concentrate the platelets and growth factors. PRP is widely used for skin rejuvenation, helping to improve fine lines, texture, and overall skin health. It is also a popular treatment for hair restoration, as the growth factors in PRP can strengthen hair follicles and encourage new hair growth.

Product Recommendations

• SkinMedica TNS Advanced+ Serum
• ZO Skin Health Growth Factor Serum
• SkinBetter Science Techno Neck Perfecting Cream
• Nutrafol Hair Serum

There have been a lot of studies and research over the years that indicate growth factors can visibly reduce wrinkles and fine lines and improve overall skin health. However, it’s always best to speak with a specialized provider to discuss your specific concerns and understand the best product and skincare regimen for you.

Our expert dermatologists and medical aesthetic providers are well-versed in skin care, cosmetic dermatology, and anti-aging approaches, and we encourage you to schedule a consultation to discuss your specific concerns and better understand if growth factors are for you! Book an appointment today.

We’re excited to welcome Kendra Lyons, PA-C, to Optima Dermatology! With a deep passion for both medical and cosmetic dermatology, Kendra is dedicated to helping patients achieve their healthiest skin through expert care and personalized treatment plans. Since beginning her dermatology career in 2019, she has focused on building strong patient relationships and delivering natural-looking, confidence-boosting results. Whether providing medical dermatology treatments or guiding patients through aesthetic procedures, Kendra is committed to a patient-first approach that prioritizes education, trust, and individualized care. We recently had the opportunity to sit down with Kendra to learn more about her journey, philosophy, and top skincare tips.

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?   

I have always been passionate about both medicine and aesthetics, and dermatology offers the perfect blend of the two. My journey began with a summer spent shadowing a dermatologist before attending physician assistant school. During my training, I chose dermatology as one of my elective rotations, which further solidified my interest in the field. After graduating in 2019, I began practicing in dermatology and have been dedicated to it ever since. 

What is your favorite aspect of being a board-certified physician assistant? 

My favorite aspect of being a board-certified physician assistant is building relationships with patients and helping them achieve their skin goals. Seeing my patients gain confidence as they achieve healthier, more radiant skin is incredibly rewarding. 

What is your approach to treating your patients? 

My approach to patient care is highly personalized, recognizing that each individual has unique concerns, goals, and lifestyles. I take the time to listen and understand their needs before creating a custom treatment plan. In cosmetic treatments, my focus is on achieving natural-looking results that enhance each patient’s features rather than altering their appearance. 

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin? 

Sunscreen! Daily sunscreen use is the most important step in maintaining healthy skin. It provides protection against skin cancer while also preventing premature signs of aging. 

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?  

I want my patients to know that I am dedicated to helping them achieve their goals and guiding them to make informed decisions about their health. If there is anything they’re concerned about or would like to discuss, I encourage them to be open and honest so that I can provide the highest level of care. 

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients? 

Outside of work, I enjoy spending time with my family and friends, staying active through exercise, cooking, and reading.

Providing Personalized Care for Every Patient

Kendra is passionate about empowering her patients with the knowledge and treatments they need to look and feel their best. Whether addressing medical dermatology concerns or enhancing natural beauty through cosmetic procedures, her goal is to create tailored treatment plans that align with each patient’s unique needs and goals.

Now accepting new patients! Schedule an appointment with Kendra Lyons, PA-C, at Optima Dermatology by calling (603) 441-1076 or requesting an appointment online.

What to Know About Stimulating Collagen Production Naturally and with Vitamins and Supplements.

Collagen is a protein responsible for strengthening and supporting our skin, but it decreases as we age, leading to the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and laxity.  

Starting in early adulthood, collagen begins to decrease by 1% each year, and according to the American Academy of Dermatology, women lose 30% of their collagen in the first five years following menopause. And because collagen makes up about 70-80% of the skin’s tissue, the effects of decreased collagen are typically very visible. 

There are ways to boost your collagen and help your skin look smoother and younger, and this article explains your options and what you should know before changing your skincare regimen.  

Boost Your Collagen Naturally 

The natural approach to boosting your collagen is all about your diet and lifestyle. While research on the direct impact of dietary changes on collagen production is still evolving, certain nutrients—such as amino acids, vitamin C, and antioxidants—are thought to support the body’s ability to produce collagen. Including collagen-rich or collagen-supporting foods in your diet may contribute to healthier-looking skin over time. 

Amino acids, which your body uses to produce collagen, are found in protein-rich foods such as poultry and beef, fish and shellfish, eggs, dairy, soy, and legumes.  

Vitamin C plays an important role as well, as it helps amino acids convert to collagen, and helps protect collagen. Leafy greens, bell peppers, citrus fruits, berries, and tomatoes are great vitamin C-rich foods.  

Antioxidants in foods like dark chocolate, tomatoes, blueberries, and spinach, can go after free radicals in the body that damage collagen.  

Zinc and copper are also involved in the body’s natural production of collagen, so eating nuts and seeds, which are rich in zinc, and chickpeas, beans, and cashews, which are rich in copper, can support collagen synthesis.  

Conversely, there are several factors that can speed up collagen decline.  

Smoking and caffeine have been shown to damage collagen in the body, and excessive alcohol use can impair the body’s ability to produce collagen.  

Exposure to the sun and environmental pollution, and a lack of sleep and exercise can all also lead to collagen decline due to overall negative impacts on the body and skin.  

It is certainly not a myth that diet and lifestyle can affect your body in major ways, and stimulating or protecting collagen is one potential outcome of eating the right foods and avoiding more harmful factors. 

However, just like losing weight or tackling a health issue, seeing results from changing your diet takes time and requires commitment. You can potentially pack more of a punch by combining your healthy diet and lifestyle with other collagen-boosting options.  

Stimulating Collagen Production with Vitamins and Supplements 

There’s a huge market for vitamins and supplements claiming to improve everything from hair growth to skin health. Being able to take a pill and pause or reverse a biological condition is certainly exciting – but it’s important to have all the facts before starting a vitamin or supplement designed for any specific result. 

Vitamins for collagen production are based on the specific nutrients in the body that are involved in collagen synthesis – zinc, vitamin C, and copper. You can also find supplements containing antioxidants and amino acids to help support collagen production.  

You should always be aware of any possible side effects or risks associated with the particular vitamin or supplement you’re taking, and it’s important to understand that vitamins or supplements alone may not generate the results you’re looking for – or any results at all.  

For collagen production, it’s recommended to combine the right vitamins and supplements with a healthy diet and lifestyle for the best outcome.  

What About Collagen Supplements? 

There are a number of different collagen supplements, and there is some evidence that collagen supplements can have a positive outcome for skin health; however, they may not be particularly effective on their own.  

Once you take a collagen supplement, it is dissolved into the body. While some of it may be used to make new collagen, it likely is used for other purposes as well, which is why you’re more likely to see improvements in skin health when you use supplements in conjunction with a healthy diet and lifestyle. 

If you do decide to take a collagen supplement, the one you choose should be based on your health goals and desired outcome.  

Collagen Type I is best for skin health – Collagen Type I is the protein that makes up the largest percentage of the body’s collagen and supports the structure and integrity of tissue in the bones, ligaments, joints, tendons, cartilage, and skin.  

You may also see supplements for Collagen Type II and Collagen Type III – these offer the collagen needed to support bones, joints, arteries, organs, and muscles, and will not have much if any impact on skin health. 

Collagen peptides are another option that are often considered most effective at improving collagen production. Unlike Collagen Type I, which is a complete protein, peptides are made by breaking down whole collagen proteins into smaller pieces, making them easier for the body to absorb. 

Like vitamins and other supplements, it’s important to read labels and fully understand what you’re taking before you take it. There are some risks and side effects associated with collagen supplements, including digestive issues, hypercalcemia, headaches, fatigue, and possible kidney stones.  

Go Natural, Take a Supplement, and See a Dermatologist

There is no single solution to stopping or reversing collagen decline, but there are numerous options that can make positive changes in your skin over time.

Even if you’re adopting a collagen-friendly diet and taking a vitamin or supplement, don’t overlook other options for achieving healthy, younger-looking skin.

Optima Dermatology offers a number of safe, non-invasive treatments that can boost collagen production and have more immediate results. These include: 

• Dermal fillers 

• Microneedling 

• Laser or light therapy 

• Chemical peels 

• Sculptra injection 

These options use different approaches to stimulate the skin’s natural collagen production, promote tissue growth, add volume, and add definition to areas of the face suffering from a collagen reduction.  

With minimal downtime and side effects, cosmetic dermatology treatments can give you the results you’re looking for and complement your other efforts toward stimulating collagen production.  

Plus, your dermatologist can also help guide you in your diet and supplement options, and answer questions you may have. 

Find the approach to increasing your collagen production that works for you. Request an appointment and meet with a board-certified dermatologist to discuss your goals and the best approach to get you there.

At Optima Dermatology, we are dedicated to providing expert dermatological care, prioritizing patient experience, and raising awareness about skin health. Recently, our commitment to these values was highlighted in a feature on Inside Maine’s Best: Health & Wellness, where Dr. Virginia Barton, one of our board-certified dermatologists, shared insights on the importance of skin care, skin cancer prevention, and what sets Optima apart.

Providing Expert Skin Care Across Maine and Beyond

Optima Dermatology was founded with the mission of increasing access to high-quality dermatological care while delivering an unparalleled patient experience. With locations in Scarborough and York, as well as additional practices in New Hampshire, Indiana, and Ohio, our board-certified dermatologists and experienced providers are committed to delivering personalized treatment plans for a range of skin concerns, from chronic conditions and cosmetic dermatology to life-saving skin cancer detection and treatment.

Dr. Barton emphasized our patient-centered approach during her interview, highlighting how Optima Dermatology treats every patient like family and ensures they feel welcomed and cared for from the moment they walk through our doors. We also focus on expanding access to dermatology care by offering convenient appointment times with minimal wait times.

Raising Awareness About Skin Cancer Prevention

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States, with one in five Americans developing it by the age of 70. In Maine, skin cancer rates are even higher than the national average, making early detection and prevention critical. During her feature, Dr. Barton discussed key risk factors for skin cancer, including excessive sun exposure, a history of sunburns, and family history.

She also reinforced the importance of regular full-body skin checks and self-examinations to catch skin cancer early when it’s most treatable. At Optima Dermatology, our providers are highly trained in detecting and treating all types of skin cancers, including melanoma, and we are committed to ensuring that patients receive the expert care they need.

Essential Tips for Healthy Skin

During the interview, Dr. Barton shared practical tips to help individuals maintain healthy skin and reduce their risk of skin cancer, including:

• Daily Sunscreen Use: Apply a broad-spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen every day, even during winter and on cloudy days.
• Regular Skin Checks: Perform monthly self-exams and schedule annual full-body skin checks with a dermatologist.
• Protective Measures: Wear wide-brimmed hats, UV-blocking sunglasses, and long-sleeved clothing when outdoors.
• Avoid Tanning Beds: These significantly increase the risk of developing melanoma.
• Stay Hydrated and Follow a Simple Skincare Routine: Use gentle cleansers and moisturizers suited to your skin type.

Expanding Access to Dermatology Care

Our feature on Inside Maine’s Best: Health & Wellness highlights how Optima Dermatology is committed to making expert dermatological care more accessible. With our team of experienced providers, state-of-the-art facilities, and a dedication to innovation, we continue to set a new standard in dermatological care.

If you’re in need of a skin cancer screening, treatment for a chronic skin condition, or are interested in cosmetic dermatology services, our team is here to provide compassionate, expert care.

To learn more about Optima Dermatology or to schedule an appointment at our Scarborough or York locations, visit OptimaDermatology.com.

Today is Valentine’s Day! A day of the year where our lips are top of mind. Did you know that your lips can reveal a lot about your health? Joining us today is Dr. Gregory Delost, a board-certified dermatologist with Optima Dermatology, to discuss common lip conditions and how to treat them.

Skin Cancer (Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma) 

Let’s start with something many people might not think about—skin cancer on the lips. What should we look out for? 

Dr. Delost: 

• Look for non-healing sores, rough patches, or lumps on the lips that may bleed or crust 

• Skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), can develop on the lips due to prolonged sun exposure – protect your lips by using a lip balm with SPF and reapplying it often 

• If you notice any persistent changes, schedule a visit with a dermatologist right away 

Actinic Cheilitis 

Speaking of sun damage, can you explain actinic cheilitis? 

Dr. Delost: 

• Actinic cheilitis is a precancerous condition caused by chronic sun exposure 

• It often shows up as dry, scaly patches or cracks on the lower lip 

• If untreated, it can progress to squamous cell carcinoma, so early intervention is key, schedule a visit with a dermatologist right away 

Angular Cheilitis 

Another common condition people deal with is angular cheilitis. What causes it, and how can it be treated? 

Dr. Delost: 

• Angular cheilitis is an inflammation at the corners of the mouth 

• Often caused by saliva pooling in those areas, creating a moist environment for bacteria or yeast to grow 

• Treatment depends on the cause—antifungal or antibacterial creams work well, along with keeping the area clean and dry 

Contact Dermatitis (Allergic or Irritant) 

What about allergic reactions or irritation from products we use on our lips – contact dermatitis? 

Dr. Delost: 

• Contact dermatitis can occur due to allergens like fragrances, dyes in lipsticks, or even ingredients in chapstick  

• Irritant contact dermatitis can result from frequent lip licking or using harsh products  

• Symptoms include redness, dryness, and cracking 

• The best approach is to identify and avoid the trigger and use gentle, fragrance-free products to restore the skin barrier 

Perioral Dermatitis 

Another condition that sometimes affects the area around the lips is perioral dermatitis. Can you explain what it is? 

Dr. Delost: 

• Perioral dermatitis is a rash around the mouth that looks like small red bumps, often mistaken for acne 

• The exact cause of perioral dermatitis is unknown, it can be triggered by heavy creams, steroids, or even toothpaste with fluoride, it can also be triggered by hormonal changes, or problems with the immune system 

• Treatment includes stopping the triggering product and using gentle skincare 

• In some cases, prescription creams or oral antibiotics may be needed 

Venous Lake

Lastly, let’s talk about venous lakes. What are they, and are they harmful? 

Dr. Delost: 

• Venous lakes are small, dark blue or purple spots often found on the lips due to dilated blood vessels 

• They’re typically harmless, but some people choose to have them treated for cosmetic reasons with laser treatments or cryotherapy 

Closing 
Dr. Delost, thank you so much for walking us through these common lip conditions 

It’s clear that our lips are delicate and deserve attention. Protecting them from the sun, keeping them hydrated, and seeing a dermatologist for any concerns are all great steps! For more tips and to schedule a visit with Optima Dermatology, head to OptimaDermatology.com. Have a healthy and happy Valentine’s Day!

We’re back with another Derm Deep Dive, a series where we provide expert advice from one of our board-certified dermatologists about common skin conditions or treatments. We’re speaking with board-certified dermatologist at our Mentor, OH location, Dr. Rachel Delost, about a condition many people have never heard of: hidradenitis suppurativa.  

Understanding Hidradenitis Suppurativa 

If you have not heard of Hidradenitis Suppurativa, or HS, you’re not alone – in fact, patients who are diagnosed with this skin disease rarely know anything about it.  

HS can run in families, and is most common in women, especially African American women and women in their 30s and 40s. HS causes lumps to form deep in the skin that are often painful and typically manifest in the armpits, inner thighs, underneath the breasts, or around the buttocks and groin where the skin rubs together.  

This skin disease has been referred to as “acne inversa” because it causes sores, pimples, and cysts that can mimic acne. Unfortunately, the similarities can result in misdiagnosis, leading patients to suffer with painful symptoms for many years.  

Symptoms will worsen over time if left untreated, and for some sufferers, the pain can become so bad that they visit an emergency room. Raising greater awareness about this skin disease will help patients obtain treatment sooner and avoid living in pain for longer than they need to. 

Symptoms of Hidradenitis Suppurativa 

In its early manifestations, HS appears as one or several lumps, bumps, or sores in pitted areas of the skin that experience more sweat, have oil glands, or where the skin rubs together.  

These lumps can resemble blackhead pimples, and if broken open, can leak a discharge.  

Over time, these lumps or bumps worsen, developing sinus tracts, which are channels or lesions that form between the abscess and the skin’s surface and can drain fluid. These lesions can cause debilitating pain, restricting movement such as raising the arms or sitting down.  

There are three stages of the disease – patients at Stage 3 have likely been living with Hidradenitis Suppurativa for a long time without treatment.  

Stage 1: A single abscess or formation of multiple abscesses without sinus tracts or scarring.  

Stage 2: Abscesses with sinus tracts and scarring that come and go.  

Stage 3: Multiple, interconnected sinus tracts and abscesses that cover the entire affected area.  

HS often comes and goes, making it difficult for patients to understand what they are dealing with. An individual may believe they are completely better, only to have the symptoms reappear.  

What Causes Hidradenitis Suppurativa, and Why Does It Come and Go? 

The exact cause of HS is unknown, but it appears to be the result of an overactive immune system, which creates inflammation beneath the skin, irritating the most sensitive areas first.  

There are several factors that have been shown to cause HS to flare up, and while these can vary by individual, they include: 

• Hormones. Because HS does manifest during puberty in some individuals, it is thought that hormones may play a role.  

• Blocked Hair Follicles. HS is common in the folds of the skin and where skin rubs together, suggesting that blocked hair follicles may be a precursor to its development. 

• Genetics. HS has been found to run in families, so if someone in your family has HS, it is likely others in the family will develop it also. 

• Lifestyle. Certain lifestyle and environmental triggers have been associated with HS, such as smoking and obesity.  

Hidradenitis Suppurativa is NOT caused by poor hygiene, a sexually-transmitted disease, or acne, and it is not contagious.  

How to Treat Hidradenitis Suppurativa 

A holistic approach to treatment is recommended. Hidradenitis Suppurativa is worsened by smoking and obesity, so certain lifestyle changes are necessary for optimal treatment results.  

Topical treatments like skin washes can be effective, and in some cases, antibiotics are prescribed to treat infection caused by the disease or to help reduce inflammation.  

In rare cases, surgical treatment can help by removing the affected tissue and reconstructing the area. There are several surgical options depending on the severity of a patient’s HS.  

A newer treatment option for patients with HS are injectable medications, and I predict there will be numerous treatment options in the next 5 to 10 years that will drastically improve the outlook for patients with HS.  

I advise patients that at-home treatments with ointments or wrappings can make Hidradenitis Suppurativa worse, so it’s important to get a proper diagnosis and discuss the most appropriate treatment plan with your board-certified dermatologist.  

Don’t Suffer in Silence – Seek Treatment 

Whether you’re aware of your Hidradenitis Suppurativa and having a flare-up or are experiencing any of the symptoms discussed and want to get a diagnosis, schedule an appointment to establish a treatment plan that will work best for you.

Exploring the Trend of Skin Detoxes to Uncover What Works, What’s Harmful, and if They’re Even Helpful  

The idea of a detox is pretty tantalizing. It feels like we can hit a “reset” button and bring ourselves back to a healthier, cleaner state. Detoxing our bodies has been a popular pursuit for some time, but a skin detox is a newer trend that’s catching on as people search for natural ways to improve their health, wellness, and appearance. 

What is a Skin Detox? 

Much like the concept of a detox for the body, a skin detox is often described as a way to remove impurities like toxins, dead skin cells, and pollutants from the skin, supposedly leading to a more radiant appearance. 

However, the truth is that a “skin detox” isn’t a scientifically backed process—our skin naturally detoxifies itself through normal functions like shedding dead skin and producing oils. There are some important things to know that we’ll be explaining: 

1. It isn’t actually possible to detox the skin. There are plenty of ways to keep your skin healthy and remove the bad stuff that can collect on your skin each day – and we’ll be telling you about those methods – but there aren’t any skin care products that can do that detoxification for you. 

2. The body is designed to clear out waste, so you’re technically always undergoing a detox. Toxins can’t exit the body through the skin, and there isn’t really a way to speed up your body’s detoxification process, despite what some creative marketing around juice cleanses may tell you. But you can influence your skin’s appearance by making smart choices about what you put into your body. We’ll also explain more about that in this article.  

3. Finally, there are some risks to be aware of with any new or different skin routine, so before embarking on a detox-driven skin care approach for the new year, be aware of the potential harms to your skin, and how to properly work a new product into your skin care routine. We’re sharing our cautions and recommendations at the end of this article, as well. 

So, let’s dive into the details. If you’re thinking of starting or changing a skin care routine for the new year, this information is a great place to start. 

The Myth of Skin Detoxification 

With sun, wind, sweat, cold temperatures, and other environmental stressors, your skin goes through a lot every day. A cleansing wash can do a lot for your skin before bed and in the morning, but you may be craving something more. Skin detoxing has become a popular trend for this reason.  

We agree it’s important to keep skin clean and healthy. So instead of talking about removing the bad stuff, let’s talk about adding good stuff – strengthening your skin’s barrier to protect it from the sun, dirt, grime, and everything else, so it remains healthy, radiant, and smooth.  

A simple reassessment of your skincare routine can help you do more for your skin if your current routine is leaving something to be desired. Here are a few ways to rejuvenate your skincare routine and better protect your skin: 

• Exfoliate once or twice each week. Exfoliation helps remove dead skin cells from the skin’s surface, and although this happens naturally every 28 days, aging and oily skin can slow the process down, so exfoliation can be a great way to brighten the skin more regularly.  

• Daily sunscreen. There is no better way to detox your skin than by keeping out the biggest “toxin” of all – UV rays. Even on cloudy days, your skin can be affected by the sun’s rays. Not only does UV exposure increase the likelihood of developing skin cancer, but it can lead to premature signs of aging like fine lines and wrinkles, and cause sunspots and sun damage. 

• Use a skincare product with antioxidants. Applying an antioxidant-rich skincare product not only helps make your sunscreen more effective, but antioxidants protect against free radicals, which break down collagen and elastin in the skin – you know, the stuff that makes our skin tighter and brighter.  

• Apply retinoids. Retinoids, which are found in many skincare products and can be applied topically, can stimulate collagen development and help the skin remain more firm. 

• Hydrate your skin. A hydrating skincare product is helpful for keeping skin soft, smooth, and looking more youthful as it maintains the skin’s natural barrier function to prevent dryness, redness, and irritation.  

• Refresh your skincare routine. You may need to surprise your skin by changing up your current skincare regimen and incorporating in office treatments with a specialized medical aesthetic provider. Dermatologic treatments can give the skin an exfoliating deep clean and address concerns like skin laxity, texture, scarring, acne, and more. Here are a few options we offer at Optima: 
  • HydraFacial^®: Using a wand that acts as a vacuum, we deeply cleanse the skin and open pores, extracting dead skin cells and other impurities, leaving skin feeling soothed and refreshed.  
  • DiamondGlow^®: This dermabrasion treatment exfoliates, extracts, and then gently infuses customized serums, leaving your skin with a lasting glow.  
  • Microneedling: Creates tiny, microscopic channels, activating your body’s natural response to heal the skin. Through the healing process, the production of collagen and elastin allows the skin to look younger, healthier, and more radiant. 
  • Laser & Light Treatments: Targeted treatments that stimulate skin cell regeneration to restore and rejuvenate your skin’s appearance. 
  • Chemical Peels: Exfoliate the skin by removing the outer layers to reveal smoother, brighter skin, improving texture, tone, and the appearance of fine lines, acne scars, and hyperpigmentation. 
  • Signature facials and extractions: We offer signature facials and skin extractions to deeply cleanse and exfoliate the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and healthy.  

Can My Diet Impact My Skin Health? 

Yes it can! As we mentioned, toxins cannot leave the body through the skin, but reducing toxins in your body can influence your skin’s health.  

There are a few easy ways to support healthy, glowing skin with your diet.  

• Drink more water. Just like a hydrating skincare product helps protect the skin, hydration in your body also supports the skin’s natural barrier function and supports a softer, smoother, and more youthful appearance.  

• Avoid alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. These substances are actual toxins that can hang out in your body for days – even weeks – and wreak havoc on your skin’s appearance over time. These substances can actually hinder oxygen supply to the skin, causing dryness or irritation, and can also cause wrinkles, age spots, inflammatory issues like eczema or psoriasis, and blood vessel visibility due to dilation.  

• Eat anti-inflammatory foods. There are a host of foods that cause inflammation (like – you guessed it – sugar) and while there is a lot of talk about internal inflammation, these foods can impact your skin as well. In some cases, inflammatory foods can trigger an immune or systemic response in the body that can cause redness, breakouts, dryness, swelling, or flare-ups of existing conditions like eczema or psoriasis. Some inflammatory foods to avoid include:
  • Red meat 
  • Sugary or processed foods 
  • Fried foods 
  • Excessive alcohol 
  • Trans fats 
  • White bread and refined grains 

Again, no diet will actually remove toxins from the body or the skin – your liver, kidneys, lungs, and colon already do a lot of work to remove harmful substances from the body in short order.  

But the right foods can influence your health from the inside out – having an impact on your skin that you can feel good about.  

The Best Skin Care Products and How to Introduce Them 

No skin care product can detox your skin but if you choose to start using any of the skincare products we mentioned to help support your skin’s health, there are a few things to know about introducing a product to your skin for the first time.  

Always try a little bit of the new product on a part of your skin like the neck or under your chin where it would be less intrusive if you had a bad reaction.  

Understand that you may not see results right away – it usually takes several days to a week or more for your skin to adjust to a new product and for that product to take effect.  

If you are going to use a product that makes detoxification claims, be aware that it could be irritating or make your skin drier, particularly if you have sensitive skin.  

Striking a Balance Between Trend and Truth 

The beauty and the health and wellness industries often play into fads and trends, but that doesn’t mean it’s accurate, or a good idea for everyone. A detox is certainly a compelling concept – we all want a fresh start every now and again.  

But there are many ways to achieve a healthy, glowing appearance that go beyond a temporary detox to become your lifelong skincare routine, built on the foundation of consistency and patience, which are key to seeing real, lasting results. 

If one of your New Year’s resolutions is to elevate your skincare and achieve glowing, healthy, and radiant skin, request an appointment and meet with a specialized medical aesthetic provider to discuss your goals and create a custom treatment plan.

The Accreditation Committee of the College of American Pathologists (CAP) has awarded accreditation to Optima Dermatology, Portsmouth, NH based on results of a recent on-site inspection as part of the CAP’s Accreditation Programs. Recognized for rigorous and robust standards, CAP accreditation elevates quality and mitigates risk, an important way that laboratories can contribute to improved patient outcomes. 

The facility’s director, Karen Nguyen Wu, MD, FCAP, was advised of this global recognition and congratulated for the excellence of the services being provided. Optima Dermatology’s pathology lab is one of more than 8,000 CAP-accredited facilities worldwide.  

“Our pathology laboratory team is proud and honored to be CAP-accredited. As part of Optima Dermatology & Medical Aesthetics, our mission is for the highest standard of care for our patients,” said Dr. Karen Nguyen Wu.

Max Puyanic, CEO, upon learning of the laboratory’s accreditation, said: “Optima’s dermatopathology team understands that every specimen represents a patient whose life may change based on their diagnosis. With exceptional expertise, they ensure accurate, timely results, empowering providers to deliver the best possible care and make critical treatment decisions before conditions progress. We’re proud of their dedication and commitment to excellence.”

During the CAP accreditation process, designed to ensure the highest standard of care for all laboratory patients, inspectors examine the laboratory’s records and quality control of procedures. CAP inspectors also examine laboratory staff qualifications, equipment, facilities, safety program and record, and overall management. These reviews help verify activities and reflect the most recent best practices. 

With over 23,000 laboratory participants, in addition to accreditation, the CAP offers proficiency testing/external quality assessment (PT/EQA) programs, quality improvement tools, and protocols and guidelines to ensure excellence in all areas across the laboratory. Built on a foundation of pathologist expertise, the College of American Pathologists (CAP) partners with laboratories worldwide to elevate the quality of laboratory medicine with best-in-class solutions designed to drive operational excellence, achieve diagnostic confidence, and ensure the best patient care.

About Optima Dermatology 

Optima Dermatology is revolutionizing skin care. Our mission centers on creating greater access to expert dermatology care and delivering an unparalleled patient experience. With a focus on excellence and innovation, our world class team is highly engaged, mission-driven, and inspired to set the new standard in dermatology. Our guiding principle is to treat each and every patient as we would want our friends and family to be treated, and we are committed to being your trusted experts in all aspects of skin care.

About the College of American Pathologists 

As the world’s largest organization of board-certified pathologists and leading provider of laboratory accreditation and proficiency testing programs, the College of American Pathologists (CAP) serves patients, pathologists, and the public by fostering and advocating excellence in the practice of pathology and laboratory medicine worldwide. For more information, visit the CAP Newsroom, CAP.org and yourpathologist.org to watch pathologists at work and see the stories of the patients who trust them with their care. 

CAP Contact Information: 

The CAP Communications Team 

College of American Pathologists 

325 Waukegan Road, Northfield, IL 60093 US 

media@cap.org 

cap.org | @Pathologists | Facebook | Instagram | CAP Newsroom 

Abel Jarell, MD, FAAD, is bringing years of valuable medical and surgical dermatology experience to Optima’s Portsmouth, NH practice. A double board-certified dermatologist and dermatopathologist, Dr. Jarell has been serving patients of all ages since 2009, specifically focusing on complex medical dermatology. He is also an active clinical trials investigator who has been directly involved in the development of the majority of the modern therapeutics currently used in dermatology. 

Dr. Jarell earned his Doctor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, completing his dermatology residency in the Harvard Dermatology Residency Program where he was named Chief Resident. Dr. Jarell then completed a fellowship in dermatopathology through the dermatopathology training program at the internationally-renowned University of California in San Francisco. 

Before medical school, he attended the United States Military Academy at West Point where he earned his Bachelor of Science in chemistry and was recognized as a Distinguished Cadet (top 5% in class academically).   

As part of his military obligation, Dr. Jarell served in two combat theaters. Most of his Army medical career was spent at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center where he was on the dermatology and dermatopathology faculty. There, he co-founded the dermatopathology fellowship program, as well as the Melanoma and Pigmented Lesion Clinic at the Murtha Cancer Center. 

Caring for Patients and Their Skin 

Applying his expertise to visualize a patient’s situation and make a deeper, microscopic assessment is the most important part of Dr. Jarell’s position.  

His passion lies in listening closely to patients and combining microscopic assessment with their individual situation to recommend the best course of action. We recently had the opportunity to sit down with Dr. Jarell and ask him a little more about what led him to become a double board-certified dermatologist and dermatopathologist.  

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology and dermatopathology?  

As a physician, the most important aspects of my job are helping patients with their dermatological problems and gauging their progress both with my own eyes and through how they perceive their resolutions. Being a dermatopathologist allows me to not only visualize a patient’s problems, but also assess them on a microscopic level.  

What did the path to get to where you are look like?   

My path to dermatology and dermatopathology has been a most peripatetic one—high school, to West Point, to Harvard Medical School, to neurosurgery residency, to regular Army, back to Harvard for dermatology, and finally to UCSF for a fellowship in dermatopathology.   

What is your favorite aspect of being a dermatologist and dermatopathologist?   

To me, the best part about being a dermatologist and a dermatopathologist is that I can combine my expertise in the clinic with what I see under the microscope to determine the best course of action for patients.  

What is your approach to treating your patients?  

My approach to treating patients starts with actively listening to the patient and really trying to understand their purpose for coming to see me. I believe it is important for me to get a strong sense for how much a particular skin disease affects the patient. What may be devastating to one patient may be inconsequential to another (and vice versa). I find this dichotomy in perception to the same problem quite fascinating. And the most important part of my job is to determine how best to match what I have to offer the patient with how much the patient wants—whether it be an aggressive treatment option or simply reassurance from me that the issue they are presenting to me is one that cannot cause them any physical harm.    

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin?   

Good sleep and shielding from the sun’s rays are paramount. 

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?    

My number one goal in medicine as a physician and professional is to help patients with their dermatological problems.   

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?    

I enjoy spending time with my family and friends. But I also cherish my time alone to read and write. It is important for me to be physically active, and I strive to remain physically fit.  

Finally, I think it’s important as humans for us to not take ourselves too seriously—I very much enjoy goofing off, acting silly, and bringing a sense of humor and lightheartedness to my interactions. 

---

Dr. Jarell and his team at Optima Dermatology offer exceptional medical and surgical dermatology services and ensure personalized, expert, and high-quality care.  

He is currently accepting new patients at the Portsmouth, NH office at 215 Commerce Way, Suite 100. He will also begin seeing patients at our Stratham, NH office at 23 Portsmouth Ave. on July 1, 2025. Request an appointment online or give us a call at 855-277-9689.

How to Protect Your Skin During the Cold Weather Months

As temperatures drop, the arrival of cold weather can cause or worsen several common skin conditions. Fortunately, with the right approach and care, you can protect your skin from the harsh effects of winter. Dr. Gregory Delost from Optima Dermatology shares his expert tips for keeping your skin healthy during the colder months.

Why Does Cold Weather Affect Your Skin?

The combination of cold temperatures, low humidity, and indoor heating can strip your skin of its natural moisture. Dr. Delost explains, “When we turn on our furnaces for the first time, the dry air begins to pull moisture from our skin. Think of your skin as a brick wall, where the fats in your skin act as the mortar holding it together. When your skin becomes dry, that mortar weakens, leading to irritation, inflammation, and even infections.”

Tips to Combat Dry Skin

To maintain a healthy skin barrier during the winter, consider these expert recommendations:

1. Avoid Hot Showers While hot showers feel comforting in the cold, they can strip your skin of its natural oils, leading to increased dryness. Instead, opt for lukewarm water and limit your shower time.
2. Choose Gentle Soaps Harsh soaps can exacerbate dryness. Dr. Delost advises avoiding soaps like Irish Spring and Dial, which can strip the skin of it’s moisture. Instead, opt for moisturizing cleansers or cream-based body washes.
3. Moisturize Immediately After Showering Lock in hydration by applying a fragrance-free moisturizer while your skin is still damp. This helps to seal in moisture and restore your skin’s natural barrier.
4. Use the Right Products Dr. Delost recommends products like CeraVe, which contain ceramides to replenish the skin’s mortar. For extremely dry skin, old-school remedies like Vaseline can be highly effective. “Use enough to slide down the hallway,” he jokes.

Common Winter Skin Conditions

Cold weather can also trigger specific skin conditions. Here are some to watch out for:

1. Rosacea

Rosacea is a common condition characterized by redness, especially on the cheeks and nose. Dr. Delost notes that triggers like hot drinks, spicy foods, alcohol, caffeine, and stress are more prevalent during the holiday season. Managing these triggers and using calming skincare products can help.

2. Raynaud’s Disease

This condition causes a red, white, and blue appearance in the fingers and toes due to overly sensitive blood vessels. For severe cases, blood pressure medications may be prescribed to improve circulation.

3. Cold Urticaria

Cold weather can also trigger hives in some individuals. This condition, known as cold urticaria, can often be managed with daily antihistamines.

4. Frostbite

Prolonged exposure to extreme cold can lead to frostbite, particularly on the fingers, toes, nose, and ears. Early symptoms include numbness and tingling. Dr. Delost advises warming the affected areas with lukewarm water and seeking medical attention if symptoms persist.

Winter Skin Care Essentials

To keep your skin healthy all winter long, Dr. Delost emphasizes the importance of daily moisturizing. “Avoid products with excess fragrances, as these can irritate dry, sensitive skin, especially if you have eczema. Keep your routine simple and focused on hydration.”

By following these tips and addressing skin concerns early, you can enjoy the winter months without compromising your skin’s health. For personalized advice, consider scheduling an appointment with a dermatologist at Optima Dermatology.

Welcome to another edition of Derm Deep Dive, where we tap into the expertise of our board-certified dermatologists to explore key topics in skincare. This time, we’re speaking with Dr. Joan Sisto, a board-certified dermatologist passionate about skin cancer prevention, to discuss the critical role of annual full-body skin checks in detecting and preventing skin cancer—and what you can expect during your appointment. 

Dr. Sisto brings her extensive expertise to our Portsmouth, Stratham, and York locations. A graduate of Albert Einstein College of Medicine and a member of the prestigious Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society, she completed her dermatology residency at Montefiore Hospital, serving as Chief Resident in her final year. Committed to giving back, Dr. Sisto has participated in numerous free skin cancer screenings on the Seacoast of New Hampshire and southern Maine, volunteers at Portsmouth’s Families First and Salvation Army Soup Kitchen for many years. She also has participated in Medical Missions to Honduras though Cape Cares. Join us as we delve into her insights on the importance of comprehensive skin exams and how they can help protect your skin health. 

Skin Cancer Awareness Starts With Skin Checks 

Early detection of skin cancer makes a significant difference in the effectiveness of treatment. Skin cancer is usually visible but often goes undetected, especially in places on the body that are harder to see, like the back or neck. Skin cancer detection and prevention starts with skin checks.  

It can be a little daunting to go in for a skin check, so let’s dive into how it works, what to expect, and what you can do at home to practice good skin health and skin cancer awareness.  

The 4-1-1 on Skin Checks 

What to Expect From Your Dermatologist 

We understand that it can be intimidating to come in for a full-body skin check. At Optima our team strives to make the appointment as easy and stress-free as possible, and part of that comfort starts with being very upfront and clear about what to expect during the skin check.  

Here’s a simple breakdown of what happens during a routine skin full body skin check: 

• Skin checks typically take 10-20 minutes depending on your needs. Your provider will first ask if you have any specific questions or concerns, as well as for your medical and family history to understand if you’re at a higher risk for certain skin cancers.  

• For higher-risk patients, your provider will pay close attention to regions of the body that are susceptible to that type of skin cancer and will continue monitoring for that cancer over time with future scheduled appointments.  

• Your provider will conduct a head-to-toe exam, making note of any areas on your skin that we should keep an eye on or anything that may need to be tested further.  

Often, patients express concerns about moles or other birthmarks, if your dermatologist is concerned about a spot, they will take biopsies of those areas and test them to resolve any worries about skin cancer. At Optima Dermatology, we go out of our way to dispel your fears and create a comfortable environment.  

Doing a Skin Check at Home 

You can – and should – conduct skin checks at home once each month. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you conduct effective at-home skin checks: 

1. Use a full-length mirror in a brightly lit space to examine the front, back, right, and left sides of your body. Raise your arms to view hard-to-see places. 

2. Examine your underarms, forearms, the palms of your hands, and your fingernails.  

3. Look at the soles of your feet, your toenails, the spaces between your toes, and the backs of your feet and legs.  

4. Examine your neck and scalp using a small hand mirror, being sure to part your hair for a better look at different areas of your scalp. 

5. Check your back and buttocks, also using a hand mirror. 

It’s often helpful to follow the ABCDE rule for at-home skin checks:  

A – Asymmetry: One side of the mole is not like the other.  

B – Border: There is an irregular or poorly defined border around the mole.  

C – Color: The mole is multiple shades of color (usually brown), but can also be pinkish or even black.  

D – Diameter: A mole diagnosed with Melanoma is typically the size of an eraser head or larger, but it can be smaller.  

E – Evolving: Your mole either looks very different from other moles on your body or has changed in appearance from when you first noticed it. These evolutions can include color, size, or shape.   

For more specific direction, I recommend you also keep an eye out for: 

• Moles or birthmarks that grow, thicken, or change in color or texture, especially if larger than a pencil eraser. 

• Dark spots or skin growths that are new or changing, particularly those with tan, brown, black, or multi-colored hues. 

• Sores or spots that itch, bleed, crust, scab, or fail to heal. 

Conducting at-home skin checks is an excellent habit that can help you notice new or changing areas on your skin. However, these checks should not replace your annual full-body skin exam with a dermatologist. A professional skin check is a crucial step in detecting skin cancer, the most common type of cancer in the U.S. The good news is that when caught early, skin cancer is highly treatable. Combining regular at-home checks with annual dermatologist visits is the best way to ensure early detection and timely treatment. 

As Dr. Sisto often advises her patients: “We’re living longer than ever, so it’s important to take good care of our bodies.” Just as you care for your eyes with sunglasses and regular eye exams, your teeth with brushing, flossing, and dental visits, and your cardiovascular health with exercise and social connections—your skin deserves that same level of care. Your dermatologist is here to help you protect and maintain your skin health. 

If you have concerns about your skin or are ready to schedule your annual skin check, make an appointment with Optima Dermatology today. Our team is here to answer your questions and provide expert care for your skin health.