How to Protect Your Skin During the Cold Weather Months

As temperatures drop, the arrival of cold weather can cause or worsen several common skin conditions. Fortunately, with the right approach and care, you can protect your skin from the harsh effects of winter. Dr. Gregory Delost from Optima Dermatology shares his expert tips for keeping your skin healthy during the colder months.

Why Does Cold Weather Affect Your Skin?

The combination of cold temperatures, low humidity, and indoor heating can strip your skin of its natural moisture. Dr. Delost explains, “When we turn on our furnaces for the first time, the dry air begins to pull moisture from our skin. Think of your skin as a brick wall, where the fats in your skin act as the mortar holding it together. When your skin becomes dry, that mortar weakens, leading to irritation, inflammation, and even infections.”

Tips to Combat Dry Skin

To maintain a healthy skin barrier during the winter, consider these expert recommendations:

1. Avoid Hot Showers While hot showers feel comforting in the cold, they can strip your skin of its natural oils, leading to increased dryness. Instead, opt for lukewarm water and limit your shower time.
2. Choose Gentle Soaps Harsh soaps can exacerbate dryness. Dr. Delost advises avoiding soaps like Irish Spring and Dial, which can strip the skin of it’s moisture. Instead, opt for moisturizing cleansers or cream-based body washes.
3. Moisturize Immediately After Showering Lock in hydration by applying a fragrance-free moisturizer while your skin is still damp. This helps to seal in moisture and restore your skin’s natural barrier.
4. Use the Right Products Dr. Delost recommends products like CeraVe, which contain ceramides to replenish the skin’s mortar. For extremely dry skin, old-school remedies like Vaseline can be highly effective. “Use enough to slide down the hallway,” he jokes.

Common Winter Skin Conditions

Cold weather can also trigger specific skin conditions. Here are some to watch out for:

1. Rosacea

Rosacea is a common condition characterized by redness, especially on the cheeks and nose. Dr. Delost notes that triggers like hot drinks, spicy foods, alcohol, caffeine, and stress are more prevalent during the holiday season. Managing these triggers and using calming skincare products can help.

2. Raynaud’s Disease

This condition causes a red, white, and blue appearance in the fingers and toes due to overly sensitive blood vessels. For severe cases, blood pressure medications may be prescribed to improve circulation.

3. Cold Urticaria

Cold weather can also trigger hives in some individuals. This condition, known as cold urticaria, can often be managed with daily antihistamines.

4. Frostbite

Prolonged exposure to extreme cold can lead to frostbite, particularly on the fingers, toes, nose, and ears. Early symptoms include numbness and tingling. Dr. Delost advises warming the affected areas with lukewarm water and seeking medical attention if symptoms persist.

Winter Skin Care Essentials

To keep your skin healthy all winter long, Dr. Delost emphasizes the importance of daily moisturizing. “Avoid products with excess fragrances, as these can irritate dry, sensitive skin, especially if you have eczema. Keep your routine simple and focused on hydration.”

By following these tips and addressing skin concerns early, you can enjoy the winter months without compromising your skin’s health. For personalized advice, consider scheduling an appointment with a dermatologist at Optima Dermatology.

Welcome to another edition of Derm Deep Dive, where we tap into the expertise of our board-certified dermatologists to explore key topics in skincare. This time, we’re speaking with Dr. Joan Sisto, a board-certified dermatologist passionate about skin cancer prevention, to discuss the critical role of annual full-body skin checks in detecting and preventing skin cancer—and what you can expect during your appointment. 

Dr. Sisto brings her extensive expertise to our Portsmouth, Stratham, and York locations. A graduate of Albert Einstein College of Medicine and a member of the prestigious Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society, she completed her dermatology residency at Montefiore Hospital, serving as Chief Resident in her final year. Committed to giving back, Dr. Sisto has participated in numerous free skin cancer screenings on the Seacoast of New Hampshire and southern Maine, volunteers at Portsmouth’s Families First and Salvation Army Soup Kitchen for many years. She also has participated in Medical Missions to Honduras though Cape Cares. Join us as we delve into her insights on the importance of comprehensive skin exams and how they can help protect your skin health. 

Skin Cancer Awareness Starts With Skin Checks 

Early detection of skin cancer makes a significant difference in the effectiveness of treatment. Skin cancer is usually visible but often goes undetected, especially in places on the body that are harder to see, like the back or neck. Skin cancer detection and prevention starts with skin checks.  

It can be a little daunting to go in for a skin check, so let’s dive into how it works, what to expect, and what you can do at home to practice good skin health and skin cancer awareness.  

The 4-1-1 on Skin Checks 

What to Expect From Your Dermatologist 

We understand that it can be intimidating to come in for a full-body skin check. At Optima our team strives to make the appointment as easy and stress-free as possible, and part of that comfort starts with being very upfront and clear about what to expect during the skin check.  

Here’s a simple breakdown of what happens during a routine skin full body skin check: 

• Skin checks typically take 10-20 minutes depending on your needs. Your provider will first ask if you have any specific questions or concerns, as well as for your medical and family history to understand if you’re at a higher risk for certain skin cancers.  

• For higher-risk patients, your provider will pay close attention to regions of the body that are susceptible to that type of skin cancer and will continue monitoring for that cancer over time with future scheduled appointments.  

• Your provider will conduct a head-to-toe exam, making note of any areas on your skin that we should keep an eye on or anything that may need to be tested further.  

Often, patients express concerns about moles or other birthmarks, if your dermatologist is concerned about a spot, they will take biopsies of those areas and test them to resolve any worries about skin cancer. At Optima Dermatology, we go out of our way to dispel your fears and create a comfortable environment.  

Doing a Skin Check at Home 

You can – and should – conduct skin checks at home once each month. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you conduct effective at-home skin checks: 

1. Use a full-length mirror in a brightly lit space to examine the front, back, right, and left sides of your body. Raise your arms to view hard-to-see places. 

2. Examine your underarms, forearms, the palms of your hands, and your fingernails.  

3. Look at the soles of your feet, your toenails, the spaces between your toes, and the backs of your feet and legs.  

4. Examine your neck and scalp using a small hand mirror, being sure to part your hair for a better look at different areas of your scalp. 

5. Check your back and buttocks, also using a hand mirror. 

It’s often helpful to follow the ABCDE rule for at-home skin checks:  

A – Asymmetry: One side of the mole is not like the other.  

B – Border: There is an irregular or poorly defined border around the mole.  

C – Color: The mole is multiple shades of color (usually brown), but can also be pinkish or even black.  

D – Diameter: A mole diagnosed with Melanoma is typically the size of an eraser head or larger, but it can be smaller.  

E – Evolving: Your mole either looks very different from other moles on your body or has changed in appearance from when you first noticed it. These evolutions can include color, size, or shape.   

For more specific direction, I recommend you also keep an eye out for: 

• Moles or birthmarks that grow, thicken, or change in color or texture, especially if larger than a pencil eraser. 

• Dark spots or skin growths that are new or changing, particularly those with tan, brown, black, or multi-colored hues. 

• Sores or spots that itch, bleed, crust, scab, or fail to heal. 

Conducting at-home skin checks is an excellent habit that can help you notice new or changing areas on your skin. However, these checks should not replace your annual full-body skin exam with a dermatologist. A professional skin check is a crucial step in detecting skin cancer, the most common type of cancer in the U.S. The good news is that when caught early, skin cancer is highly treatable. Combining regular at-home checks with annual dermatologist visits is the best way to ensure early detection and timely treatment. 

As Dr. Sisto often advises her patients: “We’re living longer than ever, so it’s important to take good care of our bodies.” Just as you care for your eyes with sunglasses and regular eye exams, your teeth with brushing, flossing, and dental visits, and your cardiovascular health with exercise and social connections—your skin deserves that same level of care. Your dermatologist is here to help you protect and maintain your skin health. 

If you have concerns about your skin or are ready to schedule your annual skin check, make an appointment with Optima Dermatology today. Our team is here to answer your questions and provide expert care for your skin health.

Dr. Rachel Delost Brings Years of Experience as a Cleveland Area Dermatologist 

Rachel L. Delost, DO, a board-certified dermatologist, will be joining Optima Dermatology’s practice in Mentor, OH. Dr. Rachel Delost has served patients in the Cleveland region since 2019, including at our partner practice, Advanced Dermatology and Skin Cancer Center, in Warren, OH. Throughout her years in dermatology, she has developed a broad expertise and a passion for skin care and treatment.  

Dr. Delost provides medical, surgical, and cosmetic dermatology treatments for a range of skin conditions for patients of all ages from newborn babies to adults. She provides medical aesthetic treatments including neurotoxin injections, such as Botox® and Dysport®, and dermal fillers. 

After graduating from Case Western Reserve University with a double major in Biology and Spanish, and a minor in Chemistry, Dr. Delost earned her Doctor of Osteopathy degree at Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine.  

She then completed her medicine internship and dermatology residency at Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals, serving as Cosmetic Clinic Co-Chief and Osteopathic Chief at University Hospitals. She was also a student ambassador, president of her class, and president of the Dermatology Interest Group.  

Currently, Dr. Delost is a Fellow of both the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology and the Ohio Osteopathic Association.  

A Deep Commitment to the Highest Quality of Dermatological Care 

Dr. Delost has taken her passion for mentoring students and peers and channeled it into her work as a board-certified dermatologist, and she is looking forward to continuing to serve the greater Cleveland population.  

She is committed to delivering the highest quality of care to her patients, and her approach mirrors Optima Dermatology’s mission to treat everyone like we would our friends and family.  

We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Dr. Delost, her approach, and the path that led her to become a board-certified dermatologist. 

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you?   

I have wanted to be a dermatologist since the age of 11. I had an amazing dermatologist growing up. She helped me with several skin conditions and improved my confidence by giving me healthy, beautiful skin – and she inspired me to do the same for others. 

What is your favorite aspect of being a dermatologist? 

Having the privilege to save lives by diagnosing and treating skin cancer. 

What is your approach to treating your patients? 

I take a holistic approach, listening carefully to their needs and concerns, and I involve my patients in their care and treatment plans.  

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin? 

Always wear sunscreen!  

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?  

I treat others the way I want to be treated. 

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients? 

You can find me spending time with my husband, daughter, and our dogs.

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Dr. Delost and her team at Optima Dermatology offer exceptional services and have the advanced training and experience to ensure the highest quality of care.  

She is currently accepting new patients at our Mentor, OH practice. Request an appointment online or give us a call at (440) 496-6133.

The Top 5 Dermatology Trends for 2025 

What the New Year Will Bring for Skincare and Medical Aesthetics 

Caring for our skin will never go out of style, but each year brings new trends in dermatology and skin care due to the rapidly changing advancements in cutting-edge treatments and ever-shifting consumer preferences.  

Looking ahead to 2025, there are numerous trends that will shape the dermatology landscape, including a greater focus on skin protection, rejuvenation, and striking a balance between technology and simplicity.  

Here is a roundup of the top 5 dermatology trends we’re expecting to see in the new year.  

1. SPF is our BFF 

Protecting your skin from the sun with an SPF sunscreen of at least 30 is becoming – dare we say – a cool thing to do. Cancer diagnoses and deaths affect more individuals each year, and high-profile individuals like beloved singer Jimmy Buffett who passed from Merkel Cell Carcinoma, and Khloe Kardashian, who was diagnosed with melanoma, help raise greater awareness around skin cancer and the dangers of long-term exposure to UV rays. Coupled with the known link between sun damage and premature aging, the conversation around sunscreen has drastically shifted – consumers aren’t just thinking about sunscreen as a product reserved for summer beach days, but something that should be part of their morning skincare routine for all-day sun protection, even in colder months. 

Brands are helping promote sunscreen as a year-round product with more practical options that combine UV protection with other skincare benefits, such as hydration or antioxidants, so it can be used as a daily product. And many brands have also improved the “tackiness” of their products, with more lightweight formulas to eliminate the stickiness or waxiness that can sometimes deter use. It’s easier than ever for consumers to find safe, effective products for themselves and their whole family. Some of our favorite products are Alastin’s HydraTint Pro Mineral Broad Spectrum Sunscreen and Revision Skincare’s Intellishade®.  

2. Regenerative Treatments for Deep Cellular Rejuvenation 

Advancements in regenerative medicine are making waves in anti-aging treatments that go beyond the surface of the skin to target the cells within and reverse the signs of aging. There are a handful of regenerative skincare treatments we expect to see gain more popularity in 2025: 

• Stem cell procedures: Minimally invasive injections that use a patient’s own stem cells to rejuvenate the skin.  

• Platelet-rich plasma injections: Minimally invasive treatments that inject a patient’s own blood into their skin to help heal injuries or improve tissue function.  

• Peptides: Many skincare products tout peptides as a key ingredient, as these amino acids are the building blocks of skin-rejuvenating proteins like collagen and elastin. We expect to see peptides become even more popular in the new year. 

• Exosome treatments: This relatively new, non-invasive medical treatment uses exosomes, which are tiny particles secreted by cells, to treat a variety of conditions, including the signs of aging skin. Exosomes are applied topically, typically followed by cosmetic treatments such as microneedling. 

• Growth factors: A growing number of skincare products include growth factors, proteins your skin already produces to stimulate collagen and elastin, but that decrease with age. Applying additional growth factors can support skin rejuvenation. 

3. Nutraceuticals: Vitamins for Skin and Hair Health 

Consumers are recognizing the power of nutrition in whole-body health, especially concerning complexion. Targeted supplements often include ingredients like biotin, vitamins C and E, collagen, zinc, and antioxidants, which support skin and hair health at a cellular level, and one of the trends we’re expecting to see take stronger hold in 2025 is treating the skin from the inside out.  

Companies like NUTRAFOL are offering products containing ingredients said to improve skin and hair health and specifying their formulas for by concerns at different life stages: postpartum women, women over 45, men experiencing hair loss, menopausal women, and more. We recommend consulting with your dermatologist before starting a supplement to make sure it is the right choice for your individual needs. Additionally, there are risks to taking supplements, and they should also not take the place of daily nutrition from food sources that also carry significant benefits to the skin, hair, and nails.  

4. At-Home Skincare Devices 

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we saw a surge in at-home skincare treatments, including LED facemasks, laser hair removal tools, and microcurrent devices, among others. While it made sense to be able to perform skincare from the comfort of your own home during the pandemic, the trend never dissipated, and we continue to see at-home skincare devices hitting the market.  

While convenient, there are risks to these DIY tools. Many of them promise a spa-like treatment with impressive results for minor skin concerns, but in the hands of everyday consumers, there are risks associated with improper use, such as burns or other skin irritations. Many of these products are expensive and results are not guaranteed.  

We recommend consulting with a dermatologist before using these more advanced treatments at home, especially if you have sensitive skin or a more complex condition that requires in-person consultation and treatment. We expect the debate about the convenience versus the risk of at-home skincare treatments and devices to continue in 2025 as these products are increasingly marketed to consumers.  

5. Minimalist Skincare 

As important as skincare is, many individuals simply don’t have time for an involved daily routine. Hence, the rise of streamlined skincare, also called “skin minimalism”. This approach, which we expect to gain even more popularity in the new year, is focused on simplifying skincare routines to use one or two products that serve multiple functions rather than numerous products that all serve different purposes.  

As discussed above, moisturizers now often also contain an SPF, antioxidants, and anti-aging ingredients all in one. Consumers not only want to cut back on the number of products they’re using but reduce the risk of using a product that can be irritating or ineffective. We anticipate this “maximum efficacy with minimal effort” trend to dominate skincare in 2025. 

Dermatology is always advancing and striking a balance between technology, efficacy, personalization, and simplification. Changing trends are important to pay attention to so we ensure all patients receive the best treatment for their individual needs and have access to the products that will work best for them.  

As we move closer to the new year, request an appointment and meet with a board-certified dermatologist to discuss your goals and start 2025 off on a skin-healthy note.

Optima Dermatology on New Day Cleveland Discussing Skin Conditions Related to Diabetes

November is Diabetes Awareness Month, a time to highlight not only the internal effects of diabetes but also its impact on the skin. Dr. Gregory Delost from Optima Dermatology recently appeared on New Day Cleveland to shed light on how dermatological signs can often serve as early indicators of diabetes. Here’s a recap of his discussion and the conditions he highlighted.

The Skin as a Window to Internal Health

“The skin is a window to the rest of the body,” says Dr. Delost. In many cases, dermatologists can detect early signs of diabetes before a patient is even aware of their condition. By identifying specific skin changes, dermatologists play a crucial role in early diagnosis and management.

Common Skin Conditions Linked to Diabetes

1. Diabetic Dermopathy
Diabetic dermopathy appears as reddish-brown patches, often on the shins. While its exact cause is unclear, it’s believed to be related to changes in blood vessels and nerves. Dr. Delost explains that improved glucose control can significantly improve these skin changes.

2. Acanthosis Nigricans
This condition presents as darkened, velvety patches of skin, typically in areas like the neck or underarms. It’s an early marker of insulin resistance, making it a key indicator for intervening before diabetes fully develops.

3. Necrobiosis Lipoidica
Often seen as yellowish, waxy patches on the skin, necrobiosis lipoidica can signal deeper vascular or nerve issues. Treatment may involve injections to reduce inflammation, alongside better diabetes management.

4. Diabetic Blisters
These painless blisters usually appear on the hands, feet, or legs. They are more common in patients with long-standing diabetes and can be an early warning sign of nerve damage. If untreated, such skin changes may lead to severe complications like infections or even amputations.

Fungal and Bacterial Infections

Patients with diabetes are also more susceptible to infections. Fungal infections like candidiasis and bacterial infections can arise due to compromised immunity and slower healing times.

Importance of Regular Skin Checks

Dr. Delost emphasizes the importance of diabetic patients regularly inspecting their skin, particularly their feet, where unnoticed injuries can quickly escalate. Seeking early care from a dermatologist or primary care physician can be life-saving.

Collaborative Care for Diabetic Patients

Managing diabetes-related skin conditions requires a team approach. Dermatologists, primary care providers, and endocrinologists work together to ensure comprehensive care for patients.

If you’re noticing unusual skin changes or have concerns about diabetes-related conditions, don’t hesitate to contact your healthcare provider. Early detection and management can make a significant difference.

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Watch more interviews with Dr. Gregory Delost on Optima Dermatology’s YouTube channel.

Dr. Sisto Specializes in Medical, Surgical, and Cosmetic Dermatology Services

Dr. Joan Sisto, MD, FAAD, a board-certified dermatologist, is providing services at Optima Dermatology’s Stratham, NH and York, ME practices, and will be joining our newest practice in Portsmouth, NH in January. Having served patients in the Seacoast region since 1999, Dr. Sisto brings years of expertise and a passion for skin care and treatment.

Dr. Sisto provides medical, surgical, and cosmetic dermatology treatments for patients of all ages.

She earned her Bachelor of Science from the University of Utah and attended a postgraduate premedical program at Columbia University in New York City. She later earned her Doctor of Medicine from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (AECOM), a premier academic medical center and university hospital recognized for clinical excellence, where she was inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society.

Dr. Sisto completed her dermatology residency at Montefiore Hospital of AECOM and was named Chief Resident during her final year.

Currently, she is a fellow of the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), and a member of the American Society of Dermatologic Surgery.

Having served as a board-certified dermatologist in the Seacoast region for more than two decades, Dr. Sisto is passionate about serving the community and has participated in numerous free skin cancer screening events. She also frequently volunteers her time at a local soup kitchen, and has completed multiple medical missions in Honduras.

When she is not treating patients, she enjoys skiing, cycling, hiking in the White Mountains, and enjoying exceptional Italian cooking by her husband Dan.

Committed to Skin Care and Patient Care

Dr. Sisto is committed to delivering the highest quality of care to her patients, and pays special attention to underlying causes of skin conditions, as well as specific details about an individual’s life and routine that can contribute to skin issues.

Her approach to patient care mirrors Optima’s mission to treat everyone like we would our friends and family, and she is looking forward to continuing her work in the Seacoast of New Hampshire and Southern Maine.

We recently had the opportunity to learn more about Dr. Sisto, her approach, and the path that led her to become a board-certified dermatologist.

What made you decide to pursue a career in dermatology? What did the path to get there look like for you? 

I was a Critical Care Nurse in Salt Lake City, Utah in my early twenties. Interest in travel provided an opportunity to work in a Cardiac Catheterization Lab in Milan, Italy for two years. This experience led to medical school in New York City. I originally was interested in emergency medicine but during my fourth year rotation in dermatology, I realized I would prefer creating more rewarding, longer-term patient relationships.

What is your favorite aspect of being a dermatologist?

I enjoy dermatology because I see such a wide age range, including pediatrics, teenagers, young adults and the elderly. I practice general medical dermatology but surgical procedures and cosmetics are also very fulfilling.

What is your approach to treating your patients?

I look at my patients as a whole person, not just their exterior. Dermatologic manifestations of internal conditions can be subtle. It is important to know my patient’s health history to better manage their treatment.

What is your number one tip when it comes to taking care of your skin?

Sun protection starts at an early age; not just sunscreen but SPF clothing, hats, and sun avoidance.

What is one thing you want your patients to know about you?

I love my job. I treat my patients as I would treat my family members. I want to know all about you and how I can help you to keep your skin and your body healthy

What do you like to do when you are not in the office treating patients?

My husband, Dan, and I love to ski, boat, bike, and eat Italian food.

Dr. Sisto and her team at Optima Dermatology offer exceptional services and have the advanced training and experience to ensure the highest quality of care.

She is currently accepting new patients at our Stratham, NH and York, ME locations. Request an appointment online or give us a call at 855-277-9689.

Dr. Gregory Delost Discusses Managing Skin Conditions in Youth Athletes on New Day Cleveland

As school sports ramp up, so do the concerns about various skin conditions that can affect young athletes. Dr. Gregory Delost, a board-certified dermatologist at Optima Dermatology, appeared on New Day Cleveland to discuss common skin issues in youth athletes and provide advice on prevention and treatment.

Common Skin Conditions in Youth Athletes

1. Ringworm (Tinea)
   Despite its name, ringworm is not a worm but a fungal infection. It can appear on various parts of the body, including the scalp, feet, and skin. Ringworm is especially common in athletes, as it spreads easily in communal areas like locker rooms and wrestling mats. Dr. Delost explains that the infection thrives in the top layer of the skin and is often contracted through direct contact or contaminated surfaces.
2. Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)
   This viral infection presents as painful blisters, usually on the face. It’s highly contagious and can be triggered by stress, illness, or even sun exposure. While cold sores can be treated with oral antiviral medications, they tend to reoccur, as the virus can remain dormant in the body’s nerve cells. Dr. Delost emphasizes that stress or sunburns can trigger reactivation.
3. Impetigo
   Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection that is common among athletes, particularly wrestlers. It can manifest as yellow, crusted plaques or lesions, and it often occurs around the nose or hair follicles. The bacteria that cause impetigo can spread through minor skin injuries or contact with contaminated surfaces, making prevention crucial.
4. Molluscum Contagiosum
   This viral infection is spread through skin-to-skin contact or contaminated items like towels. It appears as dome-shaped bumps on the skin, often found in young athletes who frequent pools. Molluscum Contagiosum is highly contagious but typically resolves on its own over time.
5. Warts
   Warts are another common condition caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). There are hundreds of HPV strains that can lead to the formation of warts, which are especially prevalent in athletes due to frequent skin-to-skin contact during sports activities.

Prevention Tips for Youth Athletes

Dr. Delost stresses the importance of good hygiene to prevent the spread of these skin infections. Here are his top tips for young athletes:

• Shower Immediately After Practice or Games: This is critical for washing away sweat, dirt, and any potential bacteria or fungi that could cause skin infections.
• Avoid Sharing Personal Items: Never share towels, water bottles, or athletic gear, as infections can spread through indirect contact.
• Keep Equipment Clean: Ensure that sporting equipment, like wrestling mats, is cleaned regularly to prevent the accumulation of harmful pathogens.
• Check for Early Signs of Skin Issues: Parents and coaches should be vigilant about noticing early signs of skin infections and seek medical advice promptly to prevent the spread of contagious conditions.

When to See a Dermatologist

If your child is experiencing any persistent skin issues, it’s important to consult a dermatologist. Dr. Gregory Delost and the team at Optima Dermatology specialize in diagnosing and treating a variety of skin conditions, ensuring that young athletes can get back in the game quickly and safely.

Request an appointment to discuss the best preventions and treatment plan for skin conditions in youth athletes.

Board-certified dermatologist Dr. Gregory Delost from our Mentor, OH, location discusses eczema in children and what parents need to know on ‪New Day Cleveland‬. From physical discomfort, to impacting other aspects of adolescents lives, it is important for parents to understand how to improve the well-being of their child who has eczema.

5 Topics to Discuss With Your Dermatologist if Your Child Has Eczema 

Eczema in children is very common – according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), more than 10% of children in the U.S. have eczema.  

Any parent who has experienced eczema with their child knows it can be a challenging skin condition as it causes dry, itchy skin (which is never an easy thing to manage with a child) and can be disruptive to their daily lives depending on how severe their eczema is. More severe cases of eczema can cause food and seasonal allergies, sleep disruptions, decreased focus and performance in school, and more. To help parents better understand and manage this common condition, we’ve consulted with board-certified dermatologist, Dr. Greg Delost, to address some of the most common questions parents have. 

Children Can Develop Eczema at Any Age 

Babies are known and adored for their soft skin, and the presence of eczema can be alarming for parents, especially if it causes your baby any discomfort.  

Babies often develop atopic dermatitis around the scalp (also called cradle cap) and the face, and it can manifest at any time after birth. The American Academy of Dermatology has reported findings from studies that show eating a healthy diet while pregnant and breastfeeding in the first four months of life may reduce the likelihood that your baby will develop eczema; however, there is no proven way to prevent your baby from having eczema.  

Children can develop eczema anytime between birth and age 17, and the CDC reports that the largest percentage of children with eczema in the U.S. are between the ages of 6 and 11. 

If your child is diagnosed with eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, you likely have a number of questions and concerns. Eczema is a chronic condition, so it can be treated but not cured. If your child develops eczema, know that it is highly common and the most important next step is to figure out a treatment plan. There are different approaches to treat it that are dependent on your child’s age and the severity of their condition.   

The following are 5 topics you should discuss with your child’s dermatologist to ensure you have a plan for managing their eczema and helping alleviate their symptoms.  

1. What Could be Causing My Child’s Eczema? 

There is no singular known cause of eczema but, there are different potential triggers that can cause it to flare up, and if you can identify a trigger, you can intervene and ideally reduce the eczema reaction. Some triggers are bodily in nature; others are environmental or lifestyle triggers: 

• Sweat 

• Saliva that repeatedly wets and then dries on the skin 

• Dry air that sucks moisture from the skin 

• Exposure to cigarette smoke or known allergens such as pollen or pet dander 

• A reaction to laundry detergent, fabric softener, bath products or skincare products such as moisturizers or sunscreens 

In each case, there are ways to mitigate or reduce the trigger to help alleviate eczema symptoms; for example, switching laundry or bath products, or keeping your baby’s face dry from saliva around the mouth.  

2. Can I Treat My Child’s Eczema at Home? 

You can easily incorporate skincare best practices into your child’s routine to help alleviate or reduce their eczema symptoms. Some recommendations for at-home healthy habits include: 

• Bathing them with lukewarm water and fragrance-free shampoos and soaps 

• Washing your child’s skin completely to remove shampoo or soap residues  

• Applying ointment or a fragrance-free moisturizing cream to your child’s skin following bathtime while the skin is still damp 

• Dressing your child in soft fabrics that are 100% cotton to reduce irritation 

• Washing your child’s clothing with fragrance-free detergent and skipping the use of dryer sheets or fabric softener 

In more severe eczema cases, your child’s dermatologist might recommend a diluted bleach bath to help remove bacteria and reduce inflammation of the skin. Be sure to consult with a dermatologist and obtain specific directions before administering a bleach bath. 

3. What if My Child Develops an Infection? 

Because of the itchy, irritating nature of eczema on the skin, children are more prone to scratch and break the skin, exposing them to bacteria, viruses, and fungi.  

Keep an eye out for reddening, crusty, pussy, or oozy skin – these symptoms are indicative of a larger issue like infection. If you notice your child’s eczema is worsening or changing in appearance, consult a dermatologist right away.  If your child’s eczema does become infected, your dermatologist will likely prescribe an antibiotic or antiviral medication.  

It is also important to be aware of the atopic triad, a term used to describe the coexistence of atopic dermatitis (i.e., eczema), asthma, and allergies, like allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, also known as hay fever. Individuals with one atopic condition, can increase risk of developing another. Asthma is an obstructive lung disease that can cause difficulty breathing, usually triggered by environmental irritants. Allergic rhinitis is a nasal inflammation typically caused by airborne allergens, like pollen, dust, or animal hair. Symptoms of allergic rhinitis include frequent sneezing, and a runny or itchy nose.  

If your child is experiencing additional symptoms of asthma and hay fever, consult with your dermatologist to develop a treatment plan.  

4. Will My Child’s Eczema Go Away? 

As we know, eczema can develop at any time from birth through the teenage years. Many children who develop eczema in the first years of their lives tend to outgrow their eczema by age 4, but there are those for whom the condition continues into their adult lives.  

While there is no way to know whether your child will continue to suffer from eczema symptoms as they grow up, the more you know and understand about their specific condition, the better equipped you both will be to manage it going forward. 

5. What’s the Best Treatment Plan for My Child’s Eczema? 

It’s important to work with a board-certified dermatologist to establish the best treatment plan for your child. It will be based on your child’s age, the severity of their eczema, and any other factors such as known allergens or any other health condition.  

There are a number of treatments that are highly effective at managing eczema symptoms that you should discuss with your child’s dermatologist. These include: 

• Topical steroids or corticosteroids: These prescription medicated creams and ointments can help reduce inflammation and heal irritated skin. Your child’s dermatologist will prescribe the right strength medication for their eczema, as well as a frequency for application. When prescribed by a dermatologist and used correctly, topical steroids are very safe and effective for treating eczema in children. 

• Non-steroid eczema medications: There are a number of over-the-counter creams and ointments developed to treat skin irritation caused by eczema. Consult with your child’s doctor or dermatologist before administering these products as they may not be as effective as a prescription steroid or corticosteroid at alleviating symptoms.  

• Biologic therapies: Biologics are oral medicines that target the part of the immune system that is causing eczema. Eczema is not an autoimmune disease, but it can cause the immune system to overreact, leading to itchy, red skin, and suppressing the immune system can help alleviate these symptoms. The U.S. Food & Drug Administration has approved a biologic therapy called Dupilumab for treating eczema in children ages 6 and older. Your child’s dermatologist may recommend this option for moderate to severe eczema that is not responding to other treatments.  

• Antihistamine medicines: Children are more prone to scratch their eczema, which can make it worse or lead to infection, and administering an antihistamine medication at bedtime can make your child more drowsy and reduce the likelihood that they will scratch their skin. Antihistamines will not typically reduce the itch itself, but your child’s dermatologist may recommend it to complement other treatment options. 

Eczema in children is treatable, and can be effectively managed with both medicated solutions and self-directed care, such as a healthy skincare routine and identifying and avoiding allergens and triggers. 

Your first step in treating and managing your child’s eczema should be speaking with a dermatologist about these 5 important topics. At Optima Dermatology, our expert, board-certified dermatologists specialize in skin conditions in children and know the best approach to treating and managing your child’s eczema. 

Request an appointment to discuss the best treatment plan for your eczema. 

How to Identify and Treat Common Skin Pigmentation Issues

Hyperpigmentation and melasma are often confused because they present the same way, but they are not the same skin condition. Melasma is a type of hyperpigmentation, but not all hyperpigmentation is melasma. This distinction is important because causes and treatments may vary depending on whether you have melasma or another hyperpigmentation issue.  

In this blog post, we’re going to discuss what hyperpigmentation is – and how to identify it – with insights from Jill Bickford, MSN, APRN, AGNP-BC, who serves patients at our Stratham, NH location, and we’ll focus on melasma, a common and highly treatable type of hyperpigmentation with different causes.

What is Hyperpigmentation? 

Hyperpigmentation is any darkening of the skin’s pigment that is caused by an increase in melanin (melanin is the naturally occurring pigment that gives color to the skin). Hyperpigmentation occurs when the skin’s pigment-making cells, called melanocytes, are stimulated and make a surplus of pigment.  

This surplus can be triggered by sun exposure, inflammatory skin conditions like eczema or acne, medications, or hormones. In fact, hyperpigmentation is common during pregnancy because of the body’s hormonal changes. This is often called the “mask of pregnancy”. 

When hyperpigmentation occurs, it can appear as large blotches of brown spots, or as smaller spots like freckles. Types of hyperpigmentation include: 

• Sun Spots: Also known as solar lentigines, liver spots or age spots, these darkened patches often appear in sun-exposed areas of the skin like the face and on the hands and arms. While they are harmless, they can be an unwelcome sight on the body and there are treatments to reduce their appearance.  

• Freckles: These highly common small brown spots typically occur on areas of the skin with high sun exposure when the skin produces excess melanin to protect the skin from UV radiation. Sun spots are a type of freckle that develops later in life.  

• Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH): Hyperpigmentation can occur as a result of a skin injury or inflammatory condition, such as eczema or acne, leaving behind brown, red, black, pink, or purple patches of skin. Skin cells involved in the healing process following injury or inflammation can produce excess melanin, resulting in darkened areas of the skin. While PIH may fade over time, it can be treated by a dermatologist.  

• Melasma: As we’ll explain in more depth below, melasma manifests as darkened patches on and around the face. It is unique in that it often appears symmetrically – if it occurs on one cheek, it usually occurs on the other cheek as well.  

How to Treat Hyperpigmentation 

Treatments for hyperpigmentation include medical-grade topical skin care products called tyrosinase inhibitors such as Vitamin C, Azelaic acid, Kojic acid, and Tranexamic acid, which can all aid in decreasing or suppressing melanin production.  

Chemical peels, lasers, and light treatments are offered at Optima Dermatology. These include Forever Young BBL™ (BroadBand Light), HALO® Hybrid Fractional Laser, Fraxel®, and more. Your provider can help you determine the best treatment for your hyperpigmentation issue and work with you to improve its appearance.  

All About Melasma 

Melasma is a highly common skin condition, although the exact cause is not known. Some triggers include: 

• Hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy or as a result of thyroid disorders 

• Sun exposure 

• Medications 

• Genetics 

Melasma is most often brought on by hormonal changes, and is therefore most common in pregnant women, women taking contraceptives, using hormone replacement therapy drugs (HRT), going through menopause, or experiencing other hormonal changes or imbalance.  

Progesterone and estrogen hormones cause the production of melanocytes on the skin, resulting in darkened or red spots or patches.   

While it is often noticeable, as it typically appears on sun-exposed areas like the nose, cheeks, forehead, or upper lip, it does not cause itching, pain, or burning symptoms.  

This condition most often manifests in women but can occur in anyone at any age. Many describe the appearance of melasma as ‘dirty’, or ‘muddy’. While it is treatable and not serious, the dark patchiness that appears on the face can have emotional impacts such as depression and heightened self-consciousness when out in public. For this reason, it’s important to speak with a dermatologist to understand your treatment options. Additionally, melasma should be checked to rule out cancer if discoloration appears suddenly or in an area of the skin not often exposed to sunlight.  

Identifying and Treating Melasma 

If you notice irregularly shaped, darkened areas on your skin, you may have melasma. It is commonly tan, brown, or gray-brown. It does typically manifest on sun-exposed areas and especially forehead, temples, cheeks, and upper lip, but has been known to appear on other parts of the body as well.  

Melasma is exacerbated by sun exposure or exposure to UV light, so it’s always recommended to wear a sunscreen of at least 30 SPF, wear sun-protective clothing, and avoid tanning beds and long-term direct sunlight. In addition, melasma may flare from exposure to excessive heat from hot weather, hot cars, saunas, steam rooms, hot tubs, and hot yoga) 

Melasma may go away on its own once hormones become more balanced, but is often a lifelong condition that can be managed, but not cured.  At times, changing birth control, or hormone replacement therapy may help reduce melasma.  

Depending on your melasma, your dermatologist may recommend other treatment options that can include: 

• Chemical peels 

• Topical skin lighteners or corticosteroids 

• Laser therapy 

• IPL/BBL therapy  

• Microdermabrasion 

It’s important to meet with a dermatology provider to understand your melasma and identify the best treatment option.  

If you think you have hyperpigmentation or melasma, and want to discuss treatment options, schedule an appointment with one of our board-certified dermatologists and providers. We can help you get back to feeling confident in your skin! Book a consultation today.  

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Dr. Gregory Delost Discusses How to Treat and Prevent Sunburn on New Day Cleveland

Sunburns can cause long-term skin damage, so it’s important to treat them promptly and prevent them in the future. Board-certified dermatologist Dr. Gregory Delost from our Mentor, OH, office appeared on New Day Cleveland to share his expertise on what to do if you are sunburned.

Steps to Take After a Sunburn

Even if you’re diligent with sunscreen, sometimes sunburns happen. Here’s what you can do:

1. Apply Pure Aloe Vera: Aloe is a great option for soothing sunburned skin, but make sure to use a product without additives or latex. For a more natural approach, you can use aloe straight from the plant, though be cautious of any latex it may contain if you have sensitivities.
2. Take Cool Showers: A cool shower can help alleviate discomfort, reducing the heat and inflammation caused by sunburn.
3. Stay Hydrated: Hydration is key to recovery, as sunburns can cause dehydration. Drink plenty of water to support your body’s healing process.
4. Use NSAIDs: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation.
5. Consider Vitamin D: Dr. Delost also discussed new research suggesting that taking a mega dose of Vitamin D within an hour of sunburn may reduce skin damage. However, consult your primary doctor before attempting this approach.

How to Prevent Future Sunburns

The best way to manage sunburn is to prevent it altogether. Dr. Delost recommends using sunscreen with at least SPF 30—though he personally suggests higher SPFs, such as 50, 70, or 90, since most people don’t apply sunscreen as thickly as they should. Look for sunscreens containing zinc or titanium, which are not only safer but also more effective.

Common areas people forget to protect include the ears, nose, scalp, hands, and feet, so be sure to apply sunscreen to these spots as well. Reapply every two hours or after swimming or sweating to ensure continuous protection.

Consult with Dr. Delost at Optima Dermatology

If you have concerns about sunburn or other skin conditions, Dr. Gregory Delost is available for consultations at our Mentor, OH, office. Protect your skin and keep it healthy by scheduling an appointment with one of our board-certified dermatologists

Request an appointment to discuss the best preventions and treatment plan for sunburns.

Summer Rashes 

As we enjoy the summer activities, our skin can often react to various environmental factors, leading to uncomfortable and sometimes serious rashes. Let’s discuss the causes, symptoms, tips for prevention, and treatment options of some common summer rashes. 

Board-Certified Dermatologist, Dr. Daniel Cuozzo sits down with ‪‪CBS13 News‬ to discuss the causes, symptoms, tips for prevention, and treatment options for some common summer rashes.

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Poison Ivy & Poison Oak 

Cause: Contact with urushiol oil from these plants. 

Symptoms: Red, itchy rash, often in streaks or lines, blisters. 

Prevention: Avoiding areas where these plants grow, wearing protective clothing. 

Treatment: Immediately rinse your skin with warm, soapy water, and wash your clothing. To avoid getting any oil from the plant on your skin, wear gloves while touching or washing anything that may have oil on it. This includes your pet! 

You can treat the rash at home if it is a mild rash in a small area my using a calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream and applying cool presses. If your rash is not improving after 7 to 10 days, or you think your rash may be infected, see a board-certified dermatologist. 

“Swimmer’s Itch” (cercarial dermatitis) 

Cause: Allergic reaction to parasites in contaminated water. Swimmer’s itch occurs in both freshwater and in the marine coastal environments. 

Symptoms: Itchy, patchy red pinpoint skin rash. 

Prevention: Avoiding swimming in infested waters, toweling off immediately after swimming. 

Treatment: You can apply anti-itch creams and cool compresses. Avoid scratching, scratching can cause abrasions leading to infection. If the symptoms persist for longer than 3 days, a dermatologist should be seen. 

Bug bites 

Cause: Bites from insects like mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, and spiders. 

Symptoms: Red, itchy bumps, swelling, sometimes blisters or a rash. 

Prevention: Use insect repellent, wear protective clothing, avoid areas with high insect activity, and pay attention to outbreaks in your area. 

Treatment: For painful bites, such as a bee sting, take an over-the-counter painkiller, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. For bites that itch, apply an ice pack or an over-the-counter anti-itch cream, such as hydrocortisone. Another option is to take an over-the-counter oral antihistamine. To reduce swelling, apply an ice pack to the bite. 

If you experience any serious symptoms after a bug bite, such as a rash, fever, or body aches, see your doctor or a board-certified dermatologist immediately. 

Tinea Versicolor 

Cause: Overgrowth of yeast on the skin. Hot, humid weather, lots of sweating, oily skin, and a weakened immune system can cause yeast to overgrow. Tinea versicolor is more common in teens as they tend to have more oily skin. 

Symptoms: Discolored patches of skin; the color of the spots can be white, pink, salmon, red, tan, or brown. 

Prevention: Keeping skin dry, avoiding excessive heat and humidity. 

Treatment: Antifungal creams, shampoos, or oral medications. 

Skin rashes typically seem easily treatable at home, however some rashes can be a sign of a more serious condition or become infected. If you have a rash that persists for more than a week or shows signs of infection visit your local dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

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For more information on skin best practices, please visit optimadermatology.com.